LOADED WITH huge new offshore oil and gas discoveries, Brazil is ready to give a big boost to its petrochemical and plastics industry. Supported by a stable, business-friendly government, a growing domestic economy and strengthening ties with major countries, the industry has the opportunity to take a giant leap forward.

“Four consecutive presidential terms of economic stability have placed Brazil on a steady growth path. The long-term efforts to discover domestic hydrocarbon sources have finally paid off, and Brazil now will be able to support its mature economy with abundant hydrocarbons,” says Jorge Buhler-Vidal, director of US-based Polyolefins Consulting.

While Brazil’s economy slowed along with the rest of the world in late 2008 and will take a hit in 2009, the outlook is better than for most other countries. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) projects that Brazil’s real GDP will fall by 1.3% in 2009, but then increase by 2.2% in 2010. That compares with a projected 2.6% decline in the US and a 3.2% fall in the euro zone in 2009.

The Tupi offshore oil and gas discovery in November 2007 by Brazilian state-operated oil company Petrobras was reportedly one of the largest in the preceding 20 years. The area is estimated to contain 5-8bn barrels of recoverable light oil and gas.

Petrobras aims to produce up to 1.8m bbl/day of oil from the Tupi field by 2020, bringing overall production to 5.1m bbl/day versus 1.85m bbl/day in 2008. In the intermediate term, the company is aiming for production of 3.6m bbl/day by 2013.

Brazil also plans to invite international energy companies to bid for concessions in its pre-salt oil fields as early as 2010. The pre-salt oil fields, in which the Tupi discovery lies, are said to contain as much as 80bn bbl of oil under a thick layer of salt beneath the ocean floor.

In January, Petrobras boosted its five-year investment plan to $174bn (€124bn) for 2009-2013 – up by 55% from its previous plan to invest $112bn from 2008-2012.

“The new oil and gas discoveries provide a comfortable certainty that Brazil will have access to energy and feedstock sources under its control,” says Buhler-Vidal. “Brazil will have light oil feedstock from Tupi to complement already available heavy oil from the Campos Basin.”

COMPERJ THE CENTERPIECE
The centerpiece of Brazil’s petrochemical ambitions is Petrobras’s planned $8.4bn Complexo Petroquimico do Rio de Janeiro (Comperj) project.

The basic petrochemical unit, budgeted at $5.2bn, will process 150,000 bbl/day of heavy oil to produce 1.3m tonnes/year of ethylene, 850,000 tonnes/year of propylene, as well as paraxylene (PX), benzene and butadiene (BD), notes Buhler-Vidal. The second-generation units, budgeted at $3.2bn, are slated to produce 800,000 tonnes/year of polyethylene (PE), 850,000 tonnes/year of polypropylene (PP), styrene, ethylene glycol (EG), purified terephthalic acid (PTA) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

While Petrobras aims to complete Comperj in 2012, there has been widespread speculation that the project will be delayed because of difficulty in attracting partners. Most analysts peg start-up at 2013 at the earliest.

“Quattor, Braskem and Grupo Ultra, who championed the initial concept, continue to be interested, but [so far have not] committed to Comperj’s second-generation units,” says Buhler-Vidal. “These companies remain uninterested in investing at the refinery and basic petrochemical production level. Petrobras continues to insist that partners must also participate in the basic products unit.”

In June, Brazilian fuel and chemical firm Grupo Ultra said it would not invest in the basic petrochemical unit, but could be interested in second-generation units.

However, Petrobras does not rule out building the basic unit on its own. “Our large petrochemical complex in Rio with eight planned plants is due to come on line in 2012,” said CEO Jose Sergio Gabrielli de Azevedo at a press conference at the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) in May.

WANTED: INTERNATIONAL PARTNER
The Comperj project could provide an opportunity for an international chemical company to gain big exposure to Brazil’s market.

“The Comperj project is well beyond the no-return point, as many social and monetary commitments have been made,” says Buhler-Vidal. “This appears to be a wonderful opportunity for a non-Brazilian company to enter the Brazilian market with Petrobras’s support.”

This could include Japanese chemical companies, such as Sumitomo Chemical, Mitsubishi Chemical or Mitsui Chemicals, as well as Middle Eastern firms such as Saudi Arabia’s SABIC or Abu Dhabi’s International Petroleum Investment Co, said the consultant.

“It would likely be companies that would not pose complications. For example, a Venezuelan partnership could be too politically complicated,” says Buhler-Vidal.

And while Petrobras and Chinese major Sinopec in May signed a broad memorandum of understanding to cooperate in oil and gas exploration, refining and petrochemicals, a major investment in Comperj from China is not likely, he notes. “You don’t really see the Chinese companies being active sellers in Latin America,” says Buhler-Vidal. “Their big interest is to get access to oil – not necessarily to sell polyethylene in Brazil.”

In May, local newspaper O Estado de Sao Paulo quoted Petrobras supply and refining director Paulo Roberto Costa as saying the company was negotiating with 10 US, Asian and European companies, and that it would also reach agreements with Brazilian firms. “We will carry on with the project,” Costa said. “We either build a new petrochemical complex, or Brazil will be a huge importer of resins.”

NET IMPORT POSITION
Despite a significant boost in petrochemical and plastics production over the past decade, Brazil is still a net importer of plastics.

Brazil produced 5.14m tonnes of processed plastic products in 2008, up by 5.4% from 2007, according to industry association Abiplast. The country exported 332,000 tonnes of processed plastic products at a value of $1.39bn (+17.5%), while it imported 487,000 tonnes, worth $2.39bn (+30.4%).

Exports mainly went to South America’s Mercosul region (33%), while the EU accounted for 13% of exports, according to Abiplast. Markets included Argentina (26%), the US (14%), Chile (7%), the Netherlands (6%) and Venezuela (5%). The main exports were biaxially-oriented polypropylene films, plastic laminates and plastic tubes.

“I don’t see Brazil becoming an export powerhouse in petrochemicals in the near future. Brazilian companies are also investing in plants in other countries such as Venezuela and Peru,” says Buhler-Vidal. “So they may get bigger, but not necessarily in Brazil.”

In Brazil’s domestic market, there is further potential for growth, given that plastic consumption per capita was 26.9kg in 2007 – still below the worldwide average of around 30kg and just one-third of the consumption in North America, Western Europe and Japan, according to a report on the trade show Brasilplast 2009 by Swiss Business Hub Brazil in May.

The biannual Brasilplast show in Sao Paolo in May attracted 63,168 visitors and 1,302 exhibitors – a slight increase over 2007’s figures of 62,787 visitors and 1,294 exhibitors.

“The mood was both sober and optimistic, and perhaps more intense and active than ever before,” says Buhler-Vidal. “The general feedback was that many commercial contacts and transactions were initiated or carried out.”

But while there is optimism about a recovery from the collapse in demand in late 2008, a sustainable economic recovery could be slow to materialize.

“People tend to grasp at straws, taking any slightly positive news as a sign that the situation is turning for the better,” says Buhler-Vidal. “But it is more realistic to expect that the crisis will continue progressing and will only turn around in 2010, at best, to start a slow recovery.”

Aside from Comperj, a number of other smaller projects are moving forward. Braskem is working on green ethylene, propylene and polymers projects, as well as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) expansions. And PetroquimicaSuape (a venture led by Petrobras) has a new reais 4bn ($2bn) PTA and PET complex that is scheduled to come on stream in November 2010.

Petrobras is also building the Abreau e Lima refinery (Nordeste Refinery) in Northeastern Brazil with Venezuelan state-owned oil company PDVSA as a partner.

“The domestic increase in petrochemical capacity will continue to accompany Brazil’s industrial growth rather than exceed it,” says Buhler-Vidal. “There will be new projects, some quite big – not for direct exports but to support production of value-added products to be exported.”

POINT OF NO RETURN
Petrobras has made a big public commitment to the $8.4bn Comperj project, making it exceedingly difficult to walk away now.

The company has already spent over $500m on engineering and site preparation. Plus, it has been training the local population near Itaborai in anticipation of the Comperj project.

The prefecture of Itaborai estimates that the Comperj project, which will encompass an area of 1,033 acres (418ha), will result in the creation of 212,000 direct and indirect jobs as it spurs consumer goods manufacturing in the region.

“This is supposed to provide many jobs, and Petrobras has already started training the local population as electricians and welders, to participate in the construction phase. The plan is to then absorb them into plant operations,” says Buhler-Vidal. “They are building roads and technical schools – essentially they are creating an entire metropolitan area around this petrochemical complex.”

SOURCE: ABIQUIM, POLYOLEFINS CONSULTING
By: Joseph Chang
+1 713 525 2653

Petrobras licita fornos do Comperj

A Petrobras iniciou uma consulta junto a fornecedores para a aquisição de 11 fornos para a primeira fase do Complexo Petroquímico do Rio de Janeiro (Comperj). As empresas terão até agosto para apresentar as propostas técnicas e comerciais.

A consulta abrange a compra de quatro fornos para a unidade de destilação atmosférica, quatro para a unidade de craqueamento retardado e três para unidades de hidrotratamento, sendo dois para HDT de diesel e um para HDT de nafta.

O prazo para a fabricação dos fornos é de aproximadamente 500 dias. A consulta envolve apenas empresas nacionais. Essa é a primeira concorrência aberta ao mercado para a aquisição de equipamentos de grande porte para a refinaria.

A primeira fase do Comperj prevê a construção de uma refinaria de primeira geração para produção de petroquímicos básicos. A unidade vai produzir 1,3 milhões de t/ano de eteno e 880 mil t/ano de propeno, processando 200 mil b/d de petróleo pesado.

Fonte: www.energiahoje.com/

Rio de Janeiro State Federation of Industry - FIRJAN

A Series of Investiments

The state of Rio de Janeiro is going through one of its finest moments. In the next three years, more than US$50 billion of public and private investments will be made, putting Rio de Janeiro at the forefront of Brazil’s present economic scenario.

We are seeing a social and economic transformation. Oil is clearly a major lever for the Rio state economy, with a huge chain of companies and suppliers involved. But other industry sectors are also raising the stakes in their investment plans. One of these is the steel giant CSA ThysenKrupp, which will soon be inaugurating its new industrial plant. Other large-scale projects such as the Porto do Açu, Comperj, the Metropolitan Ring Road and Angra 3, to name but a few, will inject even more life into the State’s industrial activity, bringing in their wake the benefits of sustainable development.

The present study, Decision Rio, is yet one more contribution from the FIRJAN System to the productive sector and to growth. This study aims to map out investments – it will serve as an efficient tool which can be used by Rio de Janeiro industries to increase their business, by large and small Brazilian and foreign companies which would like to invest here, and also to help with public planning and give society at large better information about investments in the State.

The Decision Rio study also has a Google Earth version. FIRJAN is the first institution to offer a map of investments for our State using this powerful tool. It will help to create an immediate visualization of the investments in each region, thus providing a projection of future demands for labor and for the whole productive chain.

It is my sincere wish that you make full use of this study and that it help you in your decisions to invest in our State.

Eduardo Eugenio Gouvêa Vieira

President of the FIRJAN System

INTRODUCTION

The Infrastructure and New Investments Division of the FIRJAN System conducts an annual survey in Rio de Janeiro state of the investment intentions of private and state investors for a prospective period of three years. This survey is entitled Decision: Rio. It reports on investment trends and presents business opportunities for decision makers in the public and private sectors.

This term record investments have been reported – nearly US$ 51 billion announced up to July 2007 for the period 2008-2010. In addition to presenting investment figures and the customary analysis of the profile and growth of the Rio economy, this edition has several new features and will be a valuable tool for Brazilian or international businessmen wishing to invest in Rio de Janeiro: first, there is a whole section providing details about the main investment projects including important information about their value, potential market, business opportunities, implementation schedule and current stage of the venture. Second, it uses a groundbreaking approach by mapping out all the listed investments using the Google Earth software.

Through this initiative, FIRJAN is proud to place Rio de Janeiro at the forefront of technology as the first ever state to have georeferenced the announced investments for the coming years and made them available to investors. This tool also makes it possible to study new possibilities for investment and synergies, further proof of the advantages of investing in Rio de Janeiro. Lastly, Decision: Rio has been published in both Portuguese and English, as a result of the partnership with FIRJAN´s Infrastructure and New Investments Division and the International Business Centre (CIN) and its intention to make it a veritable map of opportunities for foreign investors.

By making this map and presenting it to the public and investors, FIRJAN is confident it is contributing to the economic development of Rio and attracting new investment to the state. With this document, Rio de Janeiro will definitively become a Decision instead of an option.

Executive Summary

Total forecast investment

Investment in Rio de Janeiro between 2008 and 2010 has been announced at US$ 50.8 billion, which will result in 310 thousand new jobs.

The transformation industry

The steel sector is leading the pack, with investments of US$ 8.27 billion which will account for 60% of the total investment to be injected into the transformation industry. The investments of Companhia Siderúrgica do Atlântico (CSA) and Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional (CSN) alone amount to nearly US$ 7.1 billion. In the petrochemical sector, the Rio de Janeiro Petrochemical Complex (Comperj) should be mentioned. This Petrobras investment is the largest in progress in Brazil and will come into operation in 2015. The investment entails some US$ 8.4 billion, US$ 2.98 billion of which will be made by 2010.

Other Petrobras Investments

Petrobras accounts for a significant chunk of the announced investments. The company has announced overall investment of US$ 18.8 billion in the period, or 37% of the total.

Infrastructure

Rio de Janeiro will receive substantial investments in infrastructure: US$ 13.5 billion, or 27% of the total.

. The state’s logistics infrastructure will be the main beneficiary, as nearly half of the funds will be directed to this area. The construction of the Metropolitan Ring Road, the implementation of the Açu Logistics Complex and the modernization of the Tom Jobim International Airport are some of the most important projects in the area, as they bolster Rio de Janeiro’s competitiveness.

. In energy infrastructure, the state will benefit from the implementation of Angra III – the nuclear power plant –, the construction of the Simplício hydroelectric power station and the Porto do Açu Thermo Electric Plant, which will raise its energy generation capacity. The total energy investment is in excess of US$ 5 billion, or 43% of the total forecast infrastructure investment.

Tourism

Investment of US$ 4.3 billion is forecast, mainly concentrated in the Costa do Sol region in Eastern Rio. Major tourist ventures are going to be implemented in Búzios, Maricá and Cabo Frio.

Regional distribution

Others The municipality of Rio de Janeiro will receive US$ 6.5 billion. In addition to the considerable investment in the steel sector, there is also wide investment in the naval industry, both in terms of orders and expanding/modernizing shipyards.

Petrobras Major investment will be made in Eastern Rio, in particular Comperj and Fazenda São Bento da Lagoa. In the Lowlands region, there are ventures in the Itaguaí Port catchment area, such as CSN and Coquepar’s facilities. In the North, the revitalization of the sugarcane plantations and implementation of new ethanol plants to supply the global ethanol market should be mentioned.

The Competitiveness of the Rio Economy

Rio de Janeiro state is experiencing a cycle of sustained development and its highly diversified economy generates the second-largest state GDP in Brazil. In 2006, Rio’s GDP broke the previous record of US$ 142.2 billion, accounting for 13% of national production. The state accounted for less than 11% ten years ago. In comparison with other Latin American countries, Rio’s GDP outstrips Chile, Colombia and Peru. Rio’s GDP per capita is the highest in Brazil and for the whole of South America.

The state occupies 43,910 Km2 of breathtaking land, with a long coastline and pleasant climate. It boasts excellent infrastructure (including airports, ports and extensive highways), and is privileged to be located at the epicenter of national production – some 65% of Brazilian production is located within 500 km of the state capital. With the highest rate of urban development (96.8%) and one of the lowest unemployment rates in Brazil (8%), its 15.6 million inhabitants enjoy high social, education and health care standards.

The current pace of development in Rio is set to quicken as a result of the substantial public and private investment scheduled for the coming years – nearly US$ 51 billion between 2008 and 2010. This positive outlook is due to the State’s healthy economy and greater co-operation between state and federal government.

The strength of the Rio economy is reflected in its exports, which are growing at a fast pace. In 2006 Rio exported over US$ 11 billion, an increase of 500% since 2000, taking it from 9th to 4th place in the ranking of exporting states in Brazil in the period. Closer analysis reveals that the oil extraction industry led the field in 2006 accounting for 58% of total exports, followed by the chemical (12%) and metallurgy (11%) industries. The progressive diversification of consumer markets and the products exported by Rio industry is further cause for cheer.

The state of Rio de Janeiro is also a major player in terms of taxation. In 2006 it posted current revenue of US$ 16 billion – higher than the total revenue (including all levels of government) recorded by Uruguay, Bolivia and Paraguay combined. The highest source of tax income is the Value-Added Tax on Sales and Services (ICMS). Amounting to US$ 6.9 billion, this tax accounted for 74.3% of Rio de Janeiro’s entire tax revenue in 2006. Classified as non-tax, financial revenue, oil exploration royalties were the second highest source of state revenue, amounting to US$ 2.4 billion in 2006.

Industry is the backbone of Rio’s economic growth. The State´s industrial sector is very dynamic and has progressed in the past ten years, recording productivity gains throughout the productive chain. The proportion of Rio’s GDP accounted for by industry leapt from 32% in 1997 to over 47% in 2004. There are approximately 550 thousand registered industry workers at over 21 thousand companies throughout the State. Moreover, the five largest Brazilian companies are headquartered in Rio de Janeiro.

The highest growth in the past ten years has been reported by the extraction industry in Northern Rio, playing a key role in the State’s industrial success. Its percentage of Rio’s GDP has rocketed from 3% in 1997 to the present-day figure of 20%. The State of Rio de Janeiro is now the highest producer of oil and natural gas in Brazil, accounting for 85% and 45% of national production respectively. Virtually inexistent in 1996, deep-water oil extraction has grown by an annual average of 19.6%, reaching the mark of 1.7 million barrels a day. This volume ranks Rio de Janeiro among the largest global oil producers, even outperforming OPEC countries like Algeria and Nigeria.

The billions of dollars generated by the oil sector have had a major knock-on effect on the other state industries. The royalties and shares of revenue extraction have yielded over US$ 4.7 billion for local governments in Northern Rio in the past ten years, nearly double the municipal tax revenue of the entire state. The gross domestic product obtained by oil producing cities in Rio more than tripled in real terms between 1999 and 2004 from US$ 9.19 billion to US$ 31.3 billion (according to IBGE calculations).

The major challenge facing these municipalities is to direct this income into enabling other industries and economic activities to grow that are not only connected to the extraction sector, as oil reserves tend to diminish in the long-term. Major investment is therefore being made in infrastructure, with plenty of opportunities arising as local governments attempt to attract companies. A range of industrial districts qualifying for tax incentives and generous financing therefore help to diversify the region’s economy.

External factors in the extraction industry also generate dividends for the petrochemical and oil refining industries. One of the most important investments under way is the Rio de Janeiro Petrochemical Complex – Comperj. Plastics production in the State will rise by an estimated 300% when Comperj commences production in 2015, boosting Rio’s GDP by as much as 7%.

The shipping industry also indirectly benefits from the oil sector. Rio’s shipping industry accounts for 75% of the national total. Rio de Janeiro’s shipyards are planning to create 55 thousand new jobs to meet the demand for ships and oil and gas production platforms. As a result, at least 20 shipyards have reopened or have been overhauled with state government support. This sector is also benefiting from the upturn in international trade, where demand for maritime freight has risen considerably in the past two years – which leads us to another hub of development: Rio’s ports.

The projected investment in Rio de Janeiro’s ports is revolutionizing the state’s logistics, especially at the ports of Açu, Itaguaí and Barra do Furado. The first port, a private venture of nearly US$ 2.4 billion, will mainly be used to ship iron ore. Located in the north of the State, in São João da Barra, this huge logistics terminal will be one of the deepest ports in Brazil, and could become the economic mainstay of the region. Also known as Sepetiba Port because it is located in Sepetiba Bay, Itaguaí Port occupies 10 million m2 in downstate Rio, and has the potential to become a hub for the whole of South America, after the dredging work has been concluded and the new terminal built. It will gain further economic importance when the Metropolitan Ring Road has been built. Construction of the ring road, integrating the five major highways in Brazil, is scheduled to begin in 2008.

The steel sector in downstate Rio is also undergoing major expansion and could become the center of the largest steel industry complex in Brazil, developing research activities and other production activities associated with the production of steel. With this major investment combined with the support of the FIRJAN System for training the workforce, and in spite of not actually producing the unprocessed ore, the State will consolidate its influence over operations involving both raw materials and finished products in the domestic and international market.

The advance of the automobile industry is a further example of Rio’s economic potential and dynamism. In a decade Rio de Janeiro has seen the region of Médio Paraíba (especially the municipalities of Resende and Porto Real) become an important center for the Brazilian automobile industry. The region offers tax incentives and is making infrastructure investments in order to boost the productive chain and attract suppliers.

Lastly, Rio’s tourism industry is undergoing expansion and revitalization. With over 25 thousand rooms, 70% of which are booked every year, it is the most visited city in Brazil. In 2007, it achieved two important victories which have become real milestones for the sector – the election of Christ the Redeemer as one of the New Seven Wonders of the World and the successful holding of the Pan American games. Both these initiatives were supported by the FIRJAN System. The sector’s new commercial front, however, consists of boosting business tourism and taking tourism downstate. This will be bolstered by the construction of resorts in several sites on Rio’s coastline. Fresh investment to improve infrastructure for organizing congresses, fairs and events, in addition to training the inland population, is therefore on the way.

Rio de Janeiro state is now a land of opportunity for national or international businessmen in a wide variety of sectors. This latest edition of Decision Rio is an investor map and provides a more comprehensive view of the development process the State is undergoing. The State’s driving force is not only based on its past dynamism but also the range and diversity of future public and private investment. Disclosing this process is part of the FIRJAN System’s mission to support development in Rio de Janeiro by fostering entrepreneurialism, as evidenced by the descriptions of the following projects.

Investments Announced for 2008-2010 in Rio de Janeiro

Investments in Rio de Janeiro

A total of US$ 50.8 billion will be invested in the State of Rio de Janeiro between 2008 and 2010, which will generate an estimated 310 thousand jobs or more. This will involve national and foreign, public and private investments to implement new facilities or modernize and expand existing facilities. The funds earmarked for new plants account for 51% of the total, and the remaining 49% refers to brownfield investments and construction of vessels.

The investment will be ploughed into various economic sectors, involving both new segments and segments in which the state already has a natural vocation. This will therefore generate countless business opportunities in Rio de Janeiro.

By sector

Industrial investment accounts for 64% of the total forecast, or US$ 32.6 billion. This encompasses investments in the transformation industry amounting to US$ 13.8 billion and Petrobras’ investments of US$ 18.8 billion in the period in question.

The Transformation Industry

Steel sector investment accounts for 60% of the total investment to be injected into the Rio de Janeiro transformation industry: US$ 8.27 billion will be invested by 2010. Of this total, 96% (US$ 7.9 billion) will be used to build four new plants.

The heaviest investments will be made by Companhia Siderúrgica do Atlântico – CSA (US$ 3.4 billion) and Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional – CSN (US$ 3.6 billion). In addition to these projects, the Votorantim group and Gerdau are also constructing a new plants which will require US$ 480 million and US$ 440.8 million respectively.

In addition to these projects, we should mention the expansion of Siderúrgica Barra Mansa, owned by the Votorantim Group and located in Southern Rio de Janeiro, and Cosigua, a steelworks in the city of Rio de Janeiro owned by the Gerdau Group.

Construction of the Rio de Janeiro Petrochemical Complex – Comperj is another major investment. This complex is the largest investment in Petrobras’ history: US$ 8.4 billion will be invested by 2015 (almost US$ 3 billion by 2010) in the municipality of Itaboraí, which will radically transform the economy of this municipality and neighboring municipalities. This involves buidling of a petrochemical refinery, a Basic Petrochemicals Plant (UPB) and a set of Associated Petrochemical Plants (UPAs). In turn, the adjacent municipality of São Gonçalo will receive the Liquid Products Distribution Center and the Integration Center. Petrobras estimates the venture will generate some 212 thousand direct and indirect jobs.

In addition to investment in the steel sector, considerable investment will also be made in the naval industry. The investments to be made to expand and modernize shipyards and to meet shipowners’ orders stand at US$ 1.2 billion, including orders made by Transpetro (a Petrobras subsidiary).

Petrobras Investments

In the period 2008 to 2010 Petrobras’ projected investment in Rio de Janeiro state stands at US$ 18.8 billion. These investments involve development of natural gas and oil production in Bacia de Campos, the construction of gas pipelines and natural liquefied gas terminals, construction of a new integrated data processing centre, expansion and modernization of CENPES, and expansion of the Duque de Caxias refinery (REDUC), among others. Although we cannot give a detailed breakdown of this investment, Petrobras has disclosed the overall amount and timeframe for its investment plan.

Infrastructure

Rio de Janeiro state will receive substantial investment in infrastructure in the coming years: US$ 13.5 billion will be invested, accounting for 27% of the total forecast until 2010.

The graph shows that nearly half the funds will be invested in logistics. In this category, the investment in the Metropolitan Ring Road of US$ 380 million stands out. The Ring Road, which will circle the Metropolitan Region, will connect major national highways to Itaguaí Port. It will also interconnect the two largest investments in progress in the state, CSA and Comperj, and will also go through the Lowlands. This region will receive major investment in the period under analysis and is where the state’s chemical and gas hub is located.

Alongside the Metropolitan Ring Road, the investment to be made in the Tom Jobim International Airport and the implementation and construction of the Açu Logistics Complex in São João da Barra will bolster Rio de Janeiro’s logistics advantages.

It’s also important to point out an investment of US$ 5.8 billion to be made in electricity transmission and generation in the period in question. The chief investments in electricity generation are the construction of Angra 3 (investment of US$ 2.3 billion), the Simplício hydroelectric power station (US$ 455 million) and Porto do Açu Thermo electric plant (US$ 1.9 billion).

Tourism

In the tourism sector, investment for the period 2008-2010 amounts to US$ 4.3 billion, or 8% of the projected total for the state. The main investment involves large-scale tourist ventures in the Costa do Sol region, especially in the municipalities of Búzios, Maricá and Cabo Frio.

The largest investment, Fazenda São Bento da Lagoa in the municipality of Maricá, will inject US$ 3.8 billion into the local economy. The project entails the creation of a resort in an area occupying 8 square kilometers and will be implemented by a group of Portuguese and Spanish investors. Because the land the investors have already acquired is located in an environmentally protected area, execution of the project is still subject to an environmental license.

Other resorts are also being planned for the region. US$ 56.9 million will be invested in Superclubs Breezes, in Búzios, and US$ 284.4 million will be invested in the Reserva do Peró, in Cabo Frio.

Eastern Rio

Eastern Rio will receive 15% of the total, i.e. US$ 7.6 billion. Nearly half of this amount refers to the implementation of Comperj, which should attract 3rd generation petrochemical (plastics) companies to the surrounding region. The region will also receive a number of tourist projects in Búzios, Cabo Frio and Maricá, as mentioned earlier, with considerable potential to attract trade and service companies comprising the productive tourism chain.

Municipality of Rio de Janeiro

A significant chunk of the investment earmarked for the naval sector has been allocated to the municipality of Rio de Janeiro. Nine out of a total of thirteen ships to be procured by Transpetro will be built by the Rio Naval Consortium – consisting of MPE S.A. Participações e Administração S.A., which has a 90% interest and Sermetal Estaleiros Ltda. which holds the remaining 10%. The total value of these orders is US$ 928 million.

The shipyard Estaleiro Ilha S.A. (EISA) has also received orders for five container-ships from Log-In, the logistics wing of Vale, and two bulk cargo vessels from Laurin do Brasil. These contracts are jointly worth somewhere in the region of US$ 250.2 million up to 2010. Including the orders to build a bulk cargo vessel, EISA’s orders amount to US$ 369.4 million.

The main investments in the municipality are the steel ventures in the vicinity of Itaguaí Port. With an investment of US$ 3.4 billion, CSA is the new ThyssenKrupp and Vale plant and will be erected in Santa Cruz. The new Gerdau Group plant will also be built in Santa Cruz (US$ 440.8 million). The expansion of Cosigua is projected in the same region (US$ 227.5 million).

Michelin has also announced two projects in the eastern zone of Rio, in the vicinity of Itaguaí Port, worth some US$ 298 million. One project involves the construction of a new factory for producing mining and landscaping tires at the existing plant, which will be expanded to produce large tires. The other project also involves plant expansion, producing industrial tires.

In conjunction with these investments, the public construction projects to be put out to tender present a major opportunity for the civil construction sector. US$ 194.2 million will be invested in urban development projects in the slums of Alemão, Rocinha and Manguinhos. The municipal government of Rio de Janeiro also has plans to expand the public transportation system by building a connection between the neighbourhoods of Barra da Tijuca and Penha by integrating bus and subway transportation. The project has been budgeted at US$ 273.5 million and the procurement process is due to begin. Major investment is also planned to modernize the Tom Jobim International Airport, which is also part of the Federal Government´s growth acceleration program (PAC) and will involve US$ 80.6 million; to revitalize the Rio Port in a public-private partnership which will require US$ 116.1 million by 2010 and to expand the Rio subway line that will run to Praça General Osório, in Ipanema, and will absorb US$ 146 million.

Lowlands – Area 1

Total investment of US$ 4.1 billion is projected for the Lowlands region, which is also in the Itaguaí Port catchment area. The chief investment involves construction of CSN’s new plant, at a cost of US$ 3.6 billion, which complements the steel ventures projected for the region. Jointly they will make the state an important national steel hub.

Companhia de Coque Calcinado de Petróleo S.A. (COQUEPAR) will also invest in the town of Seropédica in the region. This investment of US$ 160 million will be made through a partnership between the companies Petroquisa, Unimetal and Brazil Energy. The company was set up to roast green oil coke and will be able to produce 250 thousand tons a year.

US$ 250.8 million will be invested in Itaguaí Port. This will be used for dredging (US$ 94.8 million) and to build a new solid bulk terminal (US$ 156 million), chiefly for handling iron ore.

Northern and Northwestern Rio de Janeiro

In Northern Rio de Janeiro the development of the Açu Complex, an LLX project worth around US$ 2.3 billion, is the largest one in the region. This involves the construction of a port terminal in São João da Barra, a pelletization plant, offshore piers with the capacity to dock large ships and a thermoelectric power station which will be operating by 2012 at a cost of US$ 2.5 billion (US$ 1.9 billion by 2010).

There are also major new investment projects in the sugar and ethanol sector to be implemented in Northern Rio de Janeiro, mainly driven by the expected growth in the global ethanol market. These projects are highly important for the sector in the region, which used to be a major sugarcane producer. The forecast investments include the Alcana Agroenergética project, involving construction of a plant in the town of Campos which will produce 45 million liters of ethanol per year. Alcana’s investment amounts to US$ 142.2 million.

A sizeable investment of US$ 85.3 million will also be made by Elcana, also to be implemented in Campos, in addition to Dequisa’s project in Quissamã worth US$ 18.9 million.

In the Northeastern region of Rio de Janeiro we would like to highlight the Agroindústria Bom Jesus do Itabapoana project – in the town of Itabapoana. This involves an ethanol plant that will start operating in 2009 and will generate 7 thousand direct and indirect jobs in an investment worth US$ 118.5 million.

Southern Rio de Janeiro

The main investments in Southern Rio de Janeiro are in energy, mainly consisting of the implementation of the nuclear power station Angra 3, to be built in Angra dos Reis in the Almirante Álvaro Alberto Nuclear Centre (CNAAA), which already houses the nuclear power stations Angra 1 (600 MW) and Angra 2 (1350 MW). Increasing the energy supply will further improve the state’s infrastructure.

The Votorantim Group is also going to make major steel investments in the region. The first investment involves construction of a new steelworks in Resende worth US$ 480 million and the other refers to modernization of the Siderúrgica Barra Mansa steelworks in order to increase installed capacity in Barra Mansa.

Another major investment in Volta Redonda worth US$ 113 million is the implementation of CSN’s cement factory, which will initially produce 1.5 million tons and generate 70 direct and 180 indirect jobs.

Portfolio of the main investments and Opportunities in Rio de Janeiro

Description of the investments and opportunities

The following pages contain summarized information about the main investments compiled by the study. They include the following data:

. Industrial segment

. Physical location

. Participants

. Description of the project and investment value

. Potential market

. Timetable and status (referring to the 4th quarter of 2007). Note that investments in Brazil are subject to environmental license. This process starts by submitting an environmental impact study and report (EIA / RIMA), which obtains a preliminary license for the investor. After public hearings have been held in the places affected, investors have to make adjustments to the project in order to obtain the installation license, which gives the go-ahead for construction work to begin. When the construction has finished, the operating license is issued which allows operations to start.

. Business opportunities

Further information about the investments or business opportunities described can be obtained by sending an e-mail to riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br.

Both the Infrastructure and New Investments Division and the International Business Centre (CIN) can provide the support required by potential national or international investors wishing to set up in Rio de Janeiro or do business with companies in Rio. Also note that the map of these investments is also available using Google Earth software.

Decision Rio – Steel sectors investments

In the period 2008-2010, Rio de Janeiro will receive major investment in the steel sector, which will make the state the largest steel producing region in Brazil. These investments are important both in terms of size and the economic impact they can generate in the state, especially as the sector has an extensive productive chain upstream and downstream, as illustrated in the figure below, which clearly indicates the range of industries that can benefit from this kind of venture.

Companhia Siderúrgica do Atlântico (CSA)

. Segment: Steel.

. Location: Municipality of Rio de Janeiro.

. Participants: 1) ThyssenKrupp Steel (90%); 2) Vale (10%).

. Project description: Implementation of a steel complex including a thermoelectric power station, a coking plant and a port terminal, in addition to a steel works. The steel works’ production capacity is projected at 5 million tons/year of steel sheets for export and the coking plant will have the capacity to produce 1.4 million tons/year of coke. The implementation of CSA is the largest investment that the German company ThyssenKrupp Steel has made in Brazil. The construction stage is expected to generate 18 thousand jobs and the operating stage 3,500 direct jobs and roughly 15 thousand indirect jobs.

. Potential market: CSA will export its entire production. The company estimates it will export 2 million tons to its facilities in Germany and other European countries. The remaining 3 million tons will be exported to North America, mainly the US.

. Investment value: US$ 3.4 billion.

. Implementation timetable: Construction of the port will be completed in August or September 2008 and the steelworks should be completed by December that year. Operations are expected to start in March 2009.

. Description of the opportunities: Supplying of goods and services during the construction stage, given that most of the engineering work has already been contracted out; installation of the metal and mechanical industries around the venture to supply goods and services after operations have started; installation of trade and services, in addition to residential constructions to meet the demand for new accommodation that will arise in the district of Santa Cruz and neighboring towns.

. Status: Construction work started in June 2007.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

Although even greater investments have been projected, the construction of CSA is the largest private investment currently in progress in Brazil and will significantly alter the dynamics of the local economy. By way of SENAI-RJ, the FIRJAN System has been working in partnership with CSA, providing training for the local workforce, thereby eliminating the problems that a disorganized migration of workers from other areas could inflict on regional development.

Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional (CSN)

. Segment: Steel.

. Location: Itaguaí – Lowlands – Area I.

. Participants: Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional (CSN).

. Project description: construction of a steelworks with three blast furnaces in the area of Itaguaí Port with an annual production capacity of 4.5 million tons of steel sheets for export. It is estimated that 2.5 thousand direct jobs will be created. CSN’s investment will be the largest such investment to be made in the Brazilian steel sector in the next three years, surpassing CSA’s.

. Investment value: US$ 3.6 billion.

. Potential market: the new steelworks’ output will mainly be for export, especially to meet the demand of its own plants in Portugal (Lusosider) and in the US (CSN LLC).

. Implementation timetable: the steelworks is projected to start operating in 2009. However, this date is expected to be put back due to the current stage of implementation and Baosteel’s decision to pull out of the partnership that was being studied for the project. The company’s difficulty in establishing itself as a global player has also hindered the project, as any change in the company’s strategy could affect the implementation of the project.

. Description of the opportunities: CSN’s potential interest in finding a new partner to replace Baosteel; demand for the services of engineering and civil construction companies; installation of the metal and mechanical industries around the venture to supply goods and services after operations have started; installation of trade and services, in addition to residential constructions to meet the demand for new accommodation that will arise in the district of Itaguaí and the surrounding area.

. Status: the Company has obtained the preliminary license and is awaiting the installation license and definition of the company’s strategy to start building.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

CSN’s total investments in Brazil will treble the company’s production capacity in the coming years. Rio de Janeiro will play an important role in this process, since 40% of this total will be invested here.

Votorantim

. Segment: Steel.

. Location: Resende – Southern Rio de Janeiro.

. Participants: Votorantim Group.

. Project description: construction of a new steelworks with the capacity to produce 1 million tons of wire rods and beams. It is estimated that 4,300 direct and indirect jobs will be created when the steelworks starts operating. The steelworks will be built on land occupying 4.3 million square meters, 50 km from the Group’s other steelworks, Siderúrgica Barra Mansa.

. Investment value: US$ 480 million.

. Potential market: the output will be sold to the domestic steel market for civil construction.

. Implementation timetable: the project will be implemented over two phases: in the first phase US$ 408 million will be invested, resulting in annual production of 500 thousand tons of flat steel as from 2009. In the second stage, which will be determined by demand, US$ 72 million will be invested, adding 500 thousand tons a year to the company’s production capacity.

. Description of the opportunities: installation of the metal and mechanical industries around the venture to supply goods and services after operations have started; installation of trade and services to serve the expanding income of the local population. Installation near the venture of industries that use the inputs in their production, in order to cut logistics costs. Supplies to the engineering companies carring out the construction.

. Status: work on the foundations has begun and construction has started.

The Votorantim Group is one of the largest national private groups and operates in several sectors such as cement, paper and pulp, and energy among others. The group produces long steels, used in civil construction, at its Siderúrgica Barra Mansa steelworks, in southern Rio de Janeiro state. Its current production capacity is 600,000/tons a year. However, the new investment the group is planning, which in total amounts to US$ 600 million, not only ensures the Group’s production capacity will reach 2 million tons a year, but will also make it a major player in long steel production.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

Siderúrgica Barra Mansa

. Segment: Steel.

. Location: Barra Mansa – Southern Rio de Janeiro.

. Participants: Votorantim Group.

. Project description: Votorantim has operated in the long steel segment since 1937, when Siderúrgica Barra Mansa was founded in the state of Rio de Janeiro. The steelworks currently has the capacity to produce 580 thousand tons of long steel a year, mainly produced for the domestic civil construction sector. The investment projected by the company aims to expand and modernize the steelworks, which will start producing 655 thousand tons/year.

. Investment value: US$ 120 million.

. Potential market: Southern and Southeastern Brazil.

. Implementation timetable: the steelworks will start operating in 2009.

. Description of the opportunities: demand for the services of engineering and civil construction companies; installation of metal and mechanical industries around the venture to supply goods and services after operations have started.

. Status: preliminary license has already been obtained. The company is now awaiting its installation license to start building.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

Decision Rio – Petrochemical Investments

Rio de Janeiro state is the largest oil producer in Brazil. The Bacia de Campos accounts for 85% of oil production, meaning that the oil industry and related sectors are a major presence in the state. Rio de Janeiro is home to the Duque de Caxias refinery (REDUC), owned by Petrobras and a major national producer of oil-derived products, and the chemical gas hub in Duque de Caxias, housing first, second and third generation petrochemical companies, including Riopolímeros. The projected investment for the period 2008- 2010 – in particular the construction of Comperj, in Itaboraí – is expected to further the natural vocation of Rio de Janeiro, attracting a significant number of third generation companies seeking a competitive edge from the easy access to raw materials. This sector is accordingly expected to substantially boost the Rio de Janeiro economy in the coming years, creating employment, income and opportunities for its inhabitants and industry. The main investments in the petrochemical industry in the coming years are described below.

Plastics Industry – Description of the Investments and Opportunities

Comperj – Rio de Janeiro Petrochemical Complex

. Segment: Petrochemical.

. Location: Itaboraí and São Gonçalo – Eastern Rio de Janeiro.

. Participants: Petrobras, the Ultra group and the BNDES – National Social and Economic Development Bank.

. Project description: installation of the Rio de Janeiro Petrochemical Complex (Comperj) in an area occupying 20 million m2. In a single industrial plant, this will house the 1st generation refinement plant or Basic Petrochemicals Plant – UPB, the set of 2nd generation plants or Associated Petrochemical Plants – UPAs and a Utilities Centre – UTIL, which will provide the water, steam and electricity required by the Complex’s entire operation.

UPB will consume at least 50% of the total investment, and will produce the following basic petrochemicals: a) Ethene – 1.3 million tons/year, b) Propene – 880 thousand tons/year, Benzene – 600 thousand tons/year and c) Paraxylene – 700 thousand tons/year. The UPAs will transform these basic products into petrochemicals such as: Styrene – 500 thousand tons/year, ethylene glycol – 600 thousand tons/year, polyethylene – 800 thousand tons/year, polypropylene– 850 thousand tons/year and PTA/ PET – 500 thousand/600 thousand tons/year.

Comperj has pioneered new technology, developed by the Petrobras Research Centre – CENPES, based on a differential that gives it an advantage over other refineries: the operation uses the heavy oil as a raw material, a product exported by Brazil. This groundbreaking technology could save Brazil over US$ 2 billion/year in foreign currency, as Brazil’s heavy oil refining capacity will rise, meaning imports of derivatives such as naphtha and petrochemical products will fall.

The project also includes the Liquid Products Distribution Centre and the Integration Centre, both in São Gonçalo. The Distribution Centre is being built to optimize distribution between Itaboraí and the loading terminals in Guanabara Bay. Construction of the Centre has been budgeted at US$ 200 million. The São Gonçalo Integration Centre will train staff for Comperj.

The investment will generate 212 thousand direct and indirect jobs, in addition to boosting local income, according to preliminary Petrobras figures.

. Investment value: US$ 8.39 billion, of which US$ 2.98 billion is scheduled for the period 2008-2010.

As the largest investment in progress in Brazil, Comperj could generate both positive and negative impacts in the region where it will be installed, if no thought is given to public policies for human, urban and industrial development in the surrounding area. Aware of this conundrum, by way of SENAI the FIRJAN System will qualify part of the region’s population so that employment opportunities can be given to the locals. The FIRJAN System’s Social Responsibility division is also working in conjunction with local municipalities to mitigate other adverse effects that could arise in the process. The FIRJAN System recently commissioned a study to estimate the economic impacts of this investment.

By cross-referencing infrastructure demand and supply in municipalities, the study identifies regional potential, thereby avoiding predatory competition by the municipal governments to attract investors.

. Potential market: Comperj’s output will be sold on the domestic market.

. Implementation timetable: Basic Engineering – Expected to be concluded mid-2008.

Construction work and assembly – to start mid-2008 and to finish by 2012.

. Full operation: 2015.

. Description of the opportunities: Comperj is the largest investment ever made by Petrobras and the largest industrial investment in Brazil in the coming years. The venture will have a major impact on Eastern and Central and Northern Rio, especially the towns of Itaboraí, Cachoeiras de Macacu, Casimiro de Abreu, Guapimirim, Magé, Maricá, Niterói, Rio Bonito, São Gonçalo, Silva Jardim and Tanguá, and will therefore benefit the economy of Rio de Janeiro.

During the construction phase, most of the opportunities will involve engineering work, mainly in the engagement stage, and the provision of a range of goods and services. During the construction there will also be considerable demand for accommodation and trade and services by the sizeable workforce allocated to the project.

Comperj will be responsible for attracting the third generation plastics industry to the surrounding area – producing items like plastic bags, clingfilm, packaging, supermarket bags, bumpers and other products – as a result of the voluminous raw materials it will generate. Petrobras estimates the venture could attract 200 companies involving investments of around US$ 200 million. Together they will have a turnover of some US$ 600 million a year and create 4,000 jobs. In addition to the opportunities for the 3rd generation plastics industry, opportunities are also available for the petrochemical production chain, i.e. the provision of machinery, equipment and services to build and operate the venture. As this investment will have a major impact on the local economy, and its present services and production infrastructure is far from capable of meeting the demand generated by the venture, opportunities will be available in various industrial and service sectors.

. Status: basic engineering work in progress, RIMA submitted, awaiting license.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

Companhia de Coque Calcinado de Petróleo (Coquepar)

. Segment: Petrochemical.

. Location: Seropédica – Lowlands Area 1 – near Itaguaí Port.

. Participants: Petroquisa, Unimetal and Brazil Energy.

. Project description: the Coquepar project involves the construction of two plants, each with a capacity of 250 thousand tons/ year, to roast green coke oil – CVP. The new plants will sell calcined oil coke (CCP) and electricity generated by steam from the calcination process.

The two plants to the built in Rio de Janeiro will create 500 direct jobs and 1,800 indirect jobs during project implementation (plant construction/assembly – 3 years).

. Investment value: US$ 160 million.

. Potential market: most production (85%) will be exported to the international market, where demand for CCP is rising.

. Implementation timetable: construction work on the first unit is projected to start in the 2nd quarter of 2008 and to end in the 4th quarter of 2009. Construction work on the 2nd plant in Rio de Janeiro is projected to start in 2009 and end at the end of 2010.

. Description of the opportunity: civil construction, provision of technology, machinery, equipment and consumables required by the plants’ operations. Construction of the two plants will also increase supplies of the raw material CCP for the aluminum market.

. Status: the company is finalizing the RIMA.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

Description of the Investments and Opportunities – Construção Naval

Almost completely shut down in the 1990s, in 2000 the Brazilian naval industry began progressively reactivating its shipyards, boosted by refurbishing and construction of Petrobras platforms and orders to support deep-water oil production and exploration. This trend has particularly benefited Rio de Janeiro, which has traditionally had a large contingent of workers in this industry and a significant number of shipyards. In fact, in recent years some 20 shipyards have reopened in the state, meaning thousands of jobs being created in the sector and opportunities being generated in the chain of suppliers that serve the naval construction industry. The prospects of continued growth in the sector, due to increased international trade – which requires more, larger vessels – or due to greater coastal trade and the expansion of the oil industry, are particularly encouraging for this sector in Rio de Janeiro.

The main investments referring to ship construction follow.

The Rio Naval Consortium

. Segment: naval construction industry.

. Location: Municipality of Rio de Janeiro.

. Participants: Rio Naval Consortium, made up by companies MPE Participações e Administrações, Sermetal Estaleiros and Petrobras Transportes S.A. (Transpetro).

. Project description: nine oil tankers will be built by the Rio Naval Consortium.

. Investment value: US$928.9 million, US$348.3 million by year 2010.

. Implementation timetable: the construction of the ships complies with Transpetro’s Fleet Modernization and Expansion Program, which will be carried out by 2015, and construction will take from 16 to 20 months. The ships built in Rio de Janeiro will be delivered in 2009 and 2010.

. Description of the opportunity: provision of machinery and equipment for the shipyard, an opportunity for the ship parts industry. There is a requirement that sixty-five percent of the parts that are used in building the ships be manufactured in Brazil.

. Status: the outcome of the bidding process for the consortium (Rio Naval Consortium) that will build the ships has already been disclosed. Contracts have been signed.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

Mauá-Jurong Consortium

. Segment: naval construction industry.

. Location: Niterói – Eastern Rio.

. Participants: Estaleiro Mauá and Transpetro.

. Project description: construction of four oil tankers for the transportation of petroleum derivatives.

. Investment value: US$ 318.6 million, US$111.4 million by 2010.

. Implementation timetable: the construction of the ships complies with Transpetro’s Fleet Modernization and Expansion Program, which will be carried out by 2015, and construction will take from 16 to 20 months. The ships built in Rio de Janeiro will be delivered in 2009 and 2012.

. Description of the opportunity: provision of machinery and equipment for the shipyard, an opportunity for the ship parts industry. There is a requirement that sixty-five percent of the parts that are used in building the ships be manufactured in Brazil.

. Status: the outcome of the bidding process for the consortium (Mauá-Jurong S.A. Consortium) that will build the ships has already been disclosed. Contracts have been signed.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

Aliança

. Segment: naval construction industry.

. Location: Rio de Janeiro.

. Participants: Estaleiro Aliança for CBO.

. Project description: construction of four new platform support vessels by the shipyard Aliança for Companhia Brasileira de Offshore (CBO).

. Investment value: US$ 100 million.

. Timetable: the vessels will be delivered by December 2009.

. Description of the opportunity: supply of machinery and equipment by the metal and mechanical sector.

. Status: under construction.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

Aker Promar

. Segment: Naval construction industry.

. Location: Niterói – Eastern Rio.

. Participants: Aker Promar, Dofcon Navegação and GEO Navegação e Pesquisa.

. Project description: construction of an OSCV (Offshore Support and Construction Vessel) and a ROV (Remotely Operated Vehicle Vessel) at the shipyard Aker Promar for the Norwegian shipowner Dofcon Navegação and GEO Navegação e Pesquisa.

. Investment value: US$ 168 million.

. Timetable: the ROV will be delivered in May 2008 and the OSCV in October 2008.

. Description of the opportunity: supply of machinery and equipment by the metal and mechanical sector.

. Status: under construction.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

RENAVE

. Segment: Naval construction industry.

. Location: Niterói – Eastern Rio.

. Participants: Renave and De Lima Comércio e Navegação.

. Project description: construction of a raft with the capacity to hold 4,000 m3 of liquid bulk and an LH (Line Handler), used in the shipping or anchoring of platforms.

. Investment value: US$ 19 million.

. Timetable: delivery scheduled for the first quarter of 2008.

. Description of the opportunity: supply of machinery and equipment by the metal and mechanical sector.

. Status: under construction.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

EISA

. Segment: Naval construction industry.

. Location: Rio de Janeiro.

. Participants: EISA, Log-In and Laurin do Brasil.

. Project description: construction of five containerships by Estaleiro Ilha (EISA) for Log-In, the logistics division of Vale, by 2013 and construction of two bulk cargo vessels for Laurin do Brasil. EISA has also received orders from Gybsum Transportation LTD. to construct a bulk cargo vessel. To attend all these orders EISA will invest to modernize the shipyard.

. Investment value: the Vale orders worth US$ 314.7 million and Laurin’s contracts amount to US$ 150 million. The bulk cargo vessel will cost US$ 119.4 million. To modernize the shipyard EISA will invest US$ 4.2 million.

. Timetable: construction of Log-In and Laurin do Brasil’s vessels will commence shortly after the BNDES has released the funds of Fundo da Marinha Mercante (FMM).

. Description of the opportunity: supply of machinery and equipment by the metal and mechanical sector.

. Status: the first stage to obtain the funds to finance the projects has been completed, and negotiation of the contracts has commenced.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

Barra do Furado Logistics and Industrial Complex

. Segment: Naval Industry.

. Location: Campos and Quissamã – Northern Rio de Janeiro.

. Participants: Aker Yards, Chouest Alfanave, the Quissamã Municipal Government and the Campos Municipal Government.

. Project description: construction of a shipyard to build ships up to 150 meters in length in the district of Barra do Furado (Quissamã) and, in the municipality of Campos, a port logistics base to support the production of oil and gas in Bacia de Campos. The shipyard will create 1,200 direct and around 2,400 indirect jobs.

. Investment value: US$ 52.13 million: US$ 47.39 million in the shipyard and US$ 4.74 in the offshore base.

. Potential market: the shipyard will meet the Brazilian merchant navy’s demand for medium-sized containerships and bulk cargo vessels. The offshore base will meet the demands of Petrobras and other companies operating in oil exploration in Bacia de Campos.

. Implementation timetable: the complex is projected to start operating in 2009.

. Description of the opportunity: when completed, the complex will attract various suppliers of services to the naval industry, in addition to segments of the metal and mechanical sector. The investment will also considerably boost income in the Quissamã economy, resulting in a direct increase in demand for local trade, services and accommodation.

. Status: in the process of obtaining the environmental license.

Located on the coast, between two municipalities, the new industrial venture involves installation of a shipyard for building and repairing ships in Barra do Furado (Quissamã) and a support base for the offshore exploration and production of oil in Farol de São Tomé (Campos). In addition to the dredging project, which is now ready, a bypass is also projected which will reduce the silting in Quissamã and the erosion in Campos, shifting 3 million cubic meters of sand from Quissamã to Campos. The sand shifting project will be conducted by Brazilians and Australians, using Australian technology.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

Decision Rio: Government Investments

In the period 2008-2010 Rio de Janeiro will receive major government investment in the infrastructure and logistics sectors. These investments which are essential for the development of the state derive from federal, state and municipal funds. The investments generate opportunities to participate in procurements, to present projects and to provide goods and services for the engineering companies that win the tenders. Furthermore, the following investments will all have a major impact on the regions they are made in, which will present opportunities for trade and services companies to set up shop. Details of the main investments in this category follow.

Metropolitan Ring Road

. Segment: Logistics Infrastructure (Highways).

. Location: the ring road will pass through the towns of Itaboraí, Guapimirim, Magé, Duque de Caxias, Nova Iguaçu, Japeri, Seropédica and Itaguaí.

. Participants: Federal Government / Rio de Janeiro State Government.

. Project description: the Rio de Janeiro State Metropolitan Ring Road is a ring road that will circle the metropolitan region providing easy access to Itaguaí Port from all of Brazil’s highways through five main roads that will be connected by the project and will converge in Rio de Janeiro.

The ring road will have an approximate length of 145 km, split into 4 stretches. The three stretches which already exist will be revamped and a new 72 km stretch will be built. This venture involves the construction of 9 bridges, 5 viaducts, 3 underpasses and 3 foot bridges, in addition to dual carriageways. It will be a long highway with an average speed limit of 100 km/h. It will also connect the two largest ventures in the state, CSA and Comperj, and will run through the chemical gas hub in Duque de Caxias.

At the start of 2007 the Metropolitan Ring Road was included in the Federal Government’s Growth Acceleration Program (PAC), which encompasses several areas including energy, education and infrastructure, and is considered of the highest importance for the development of Brazil. The PAC stipulates that the funds for this investment are assured, meaning it represents a real opportunity for realization.

. Investment value: the estimated cost to build the new stretch is US$ 380 million.

. Implementation timetable: construction work should start in the first quarter of 2008 and should last for two years.

. Description of the opportunities: Participation in procurements. The construction work will generate lots of opportunities for the civil construction sector. The ring road will also run through major ventures in the state, such as CSA, CSN, Comperj, and the chemical gas hub in Duque de Caxias, which in conjunction with the proximity to the port will present major opportunities for industry, trade and logistics centers to set up along the new stretch.

. Status: public hearings have been held. The state government, which is spearheading the project, has obtained the environmental license.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

The FIRJAN System has been calling for the construction of the Metropolitan Ring Road for over ten years because of its importance for the development of Itaguaí Port and Rio de Janeiro. This assertion is stated in the Rio de Janeiro Development Map published in August 2006 by the FIRJAN System. This map presents the initiatives that Rio’s business community considers necessary for Rio de Janeiro state to adequately develop into order to achieve higher standards of income and human development in 2015.

Bullet Train

. Segment: Infrastructure (passenger transportation).

. Participants: private Sector, type of concession organized by VALEC – Engenharia, Construções e Ferrovias S.A. (a privately held corporation controlled by the Federal Government and supervised by the Ministry of Transport).

. Project description: railway connection between the state of Rio and Sao Paulo by bullet train. The project as it stands states that the train will travel the 403 km at a commercial speed of 285 km/h. The journey will take some 85 minutes, and will be direct. The trains will depart at 15-minute intervals and tickets are expected to cost US$ 60.

. Investment value: according to the company that produced the executive plan proposal for the venture, Italplan Engineering Environment & Transports S.p.A, the total value of the investment is around US$ 9 billion. This figure includes US$ 8.5 billion on infrastructure and US$ 474 million on other expenses, such as project costs, insurance and extraordinary expenses.

. Potential market: Italplan is projecting potential demand of 32 million passenger/year for 2013, equal to 89,300 passengers/day.

. Implementation timetable: according to VALEC’s timetable, the tender for the venture (which can only occur after the feasibility studies have been produced and the preliminary environmental license obtained) should occur in October 2007, and construction work will start at the end of 2008. However, questions about the validity of Italplan’s projections meant the government has had to re-evaluate the entire study and put back deadlines.

. Description of the opportunity: presentation of new projects, participation in future procurements

. Status: the project is being analyzed by the BNDES – National Social and Economic Development Bank.

The Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan region is currently home to some 11.4 million people. If it were a country, it would be ranked 73rd in the ranking of 194 countries, ahead of various European countries like Belgium, Portugal and Greece. Interconnecting the Metropolitan regions of Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo, the largest cities in Brazil, will acquire progressive importance in the future. The challenge is enormous: by 2015 the two states will have a joint population of over 63 million, higher than France’s. Improved public transport is essential for properly developing both the regions and the country.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

Urban Development of Slums

. Segment: Infrastructure (Urban development).

. Location: Metropolitan Region of Rio de Janeiro.

. Participants: Federal Government / Rio de Janeiro state and municipal government.

. Project description: Urban development of slums in Rio de Janeiro, Niterói, São Gonçalo and municipalities of Lowlands; removal of shanty towns from the banks of rivers and areas of risk, improvements to the water supply in the region of the Baixada Fluminense, São Gonçalo, Niterói and Itaboraí; installation of sewage systems, including programs to clean up Guanabara and Sepetiba Bays; construction of housing in Rio de Janeiro and Baixada Fluminense, constructions to shore up slopes and prevent flooding in Lowlands.

. Investment value: US$ 1.8 billion.

. Implementation timetable: operation projected to start in November 2008.

. Description of the opportunity: procurement.

. Status: procurement process under preparation.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

Angra 3

. Segment: Infrastructure – electricity generation.

. Location: in the municipality of Angra dos Reis at the Almirante Álvaro Alberto Nuclear Centre (CNAAA), which already houses the nuclear power stations Angra 1 (600 MW) and Angra 2 (1350 MW).

. Participants: Eletronuclear.

. Project description: implementation of the nuclear power station Angra 3, which will have a gross capacity of 1,350 MW, capable of generating 10.9 million Mwh per year, equal to one-third of the energy consumed by Rio de Janeiro state. The power station will have a useful life of 40 years and will raise the reliability of the system in the South, because in conjunction with the existing power stations Angra 1 and Angra 2 it will meet over 80% of Rio de Janeiro state’s electricity needs.

. Investment value: US$ 2.274 billion.

. Implementation timetable: construction work to start in 2008 and end in 2014.

. Description of the opportunity: participation in the procurement to provide engineering work, services and products.

. Status: the EIA/RIMA has been submitted to IBAMA (the Brazilian environmental agency), the construction site has been prepared and the application for financing has been made.

The construction of ANGRA 3 will increase the reliability of the electricity system by adding gross power of 1,350MW. The project also uses an important Brazilian energy source, uranium, an abundant nuclear fuel in Brazil (6th largest reserve in the world). The decision to build ANGRA 3 will consolidate the national technology associated with the processes of transformation nuclear fuel and strengthening national industry, which will acquire complete nuclear technology. The price is currently considered competitive, with estimated tariffs of US$ 66.3 per Mwh.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

Simplício Hydroelectric Plant

. Segment: Infrastructure (electricity generation).

. Project description: the Simplício hydroelectric power station will have an installed power capacity of 333.7 MW and will supply energy to the whole of Brazil. The project will generate some 2,000 jobs in the construction industry.

. Participants: FURNAS Centrais Elétricas S.A.

. Investment value: US$ 455 million.

. Location: the venture will be built in the area below Rio Paraíba do Sul, 150 km from the city of Rio de Janeiro, between the towns of Três Rios and Sapucaia.

. Implementation timetable: construction work has started and the first stage of diverting the river is expected to have been completed by the end of 2007. In April 2008 the concreting of the powerhouse should begin. The power station is projected to start operating in 2011.

. Description of the opportunity: it will be necessary to hire electric and civil construction machinery, equipment and materials throughout the process. The provision of equipment to build hydroelectric power stations is usually agreed with suppliers through contracts.

. Status: construction work is in progress.

The hydroelectric power station Simplicio will generate some 190 MW on average and the power station’s reservoir, which includes part of the UHE Anta reservoir, will occupy just 15.83 km2. This results in power/flooded area of over 10 MW/km2, which helps mitigate the environmental impact on the affected areas. This ratio is only boasted by the most modern power stations like the two country venture Itaipu.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

Description of the Investments and Opportunities – Tourism Sector

The tourism sector has an extensive value-chain, as shown in the figure below, and investment therein has a huge positive impact on the economy. The Rio business community has elected tourism as the key segment for the Rio economy in the Rio de Janeiro Development Map, produced by the FIRJAN System in August 2006.

The business community hopes that by 2015 Rio de Janeiro will receive the same number of tourists as New York does annually. The following investments are part of the process of making this wish come true.

Reserva do Peró

. Segment: Tourism.

. Location: Cabo Frio – Eastern Rio de Janeiro.

. Participants: Peró Empreendimentos Imobiliários Ltda, Agenco Engenharia and Lakpar Emp., Marketing e Part. Ltda.

. Project description: the Reserva do Peró is one of the largest realty ventures in Rio de Janeiro state, and will be built in an area occupying approximately 4.6 million square meters.

Located entirely in an environmentally protected area (APA), the venture will contain a hotel complex, including Club Med, with 383 rooms, and Starwood Resort Golf and Beach, with 200 suites. The venture will also have bungalows, parks and residential communities, some 15 restaurants and several convention centers.

. Investment value: US$ 284.4 million.

. Potential market: Brazilian and foreign tourists and the growing demand for realty in Eastern Rio de Janeiro driven by the investments to be made in the area of Comperj.

. Implementation timetable: construction work will commence in 2008 and the venture is projected to start operating in 2010.

. Description of the opportunity: countless opportunities will be available in the civil construction and decorations sector during the construction phase. Once operational, opportunities will be found in trade and services to meet the demands of tourists and inhabitants.

. Status: preliminary license has already been obtained. The participants are currently awaiting an installation license to start the construction work.

The Reserva do Peró will be installed in a Natural Reserve the size of Copacabana. For purposes of comparison, the beach at Reserva do Peró is 5.2 km long and is longer than the world-famous Copacabana beach, which in conjunction with Leme beach is 4 km long.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

Fazenda São Bento da Lagoa

. Segment: Tourism.

. Location: Maricá – Eastern Rio.

. Participants: Spanish and Portuguese investor group.

. Project description: three resorts will be erected containing up to 500 rooms, a business centre, a residential community of houses and apartment blocks, the golf course and a fishing village in an area occupying some 2.2 million square meters. A marina will be built at Maricá lagoon, which can hold 1000 boats, the only marina this size between the city of Rio de Janeiro and Vitória.

. Investment value: US$ 3.8 billion.

. Potential market: Brazilian and foreign tourists and the growing demand for realty in Eastern Rio de Janeiro driven by the investments to be made in the area of Comperj and the oil sector.

. Implementation timetable: Initially projected to start in 2008 and end in 2010, the timetable is currently undefined due to problems in the environmental licensing process.

. Description of the opportunity: countless opportunities will be available in the civil construction and interior decor sector during the construction phase. Once operational, opportunities will be found in trade and services to meet the demands of tourists and inhabitants.

. Status: the group of investors have already bought the land. However, the usable area has been significantly reduced because the recently approved Management Plan has imposed serious constraints on the use of the projected Maricá environmental area, where the investment is located. The change is threatening the investment, which the investors are now re-evaluating.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

Superclubs Breezes

. Segment: Tourism.

. Location: Búzios – Eastern Rio.

. Participants: Wrobel and SuperClubs.

. Investment value: US$ 56.9 million.

. Project description: Construction of a resort with 329 units, including bungalows and double apartments, at Tucuns beach in Búzios. Interested parties may buy the units.

. Implementation timetable: operation scheduled to start in 2008. However, problems in obtaining the environmental license could delay the start of operations.

. Description of the opportunity: countless opportunities will be available in the civil construction and interior decor sectors during the construction phase. Once operational, opportunities will be found in trade and services to meet the demands of tourists and inhabitants.

. Status: construction work in progress, however the venture is facing problems involving environmental issues.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

Description of the Investments and Opportunities – Others Investiments

The other sectors of the Rio economy will also receive major investment in the coming years, which will generate substantial business opportunities. These will involve the construction of a large port with a huge land area capable of housing steelworks, thermoelectric power stations and other industries, the construction of industrial parks with infrastructure, for both traditional sectors like foodstuffs and rubber, and sectors with a global presence such as biofuels. In the pages below we have compiled these and other investments that will have a major impact on the Rio de Janeiro economy and will generate business opportunities and attract new companies to the state.

The Açu Port Complex

. Segment: Logistics Infrastructure (Ports).

. Location: São João da Barra – Northern Rio.

. Participants: LLX Logística S.A. (LLX).

. Project description: the Açu Port Complex is a project of MMX Minas-Rio involving the construction of a port terminal in São João da Barra, a pelletization plant, offshore piers accessed by a canal 21 meters deep with the capacity to dock large ships and exclusive docking areas for iron ore, solid and liquid bulk, containers, general cargo and steel products. It will also have docking areas to moor vessels supporting oil extraction in the region. The Complex has a 6,000 hectare land area projected to house a steelworks, a thermoelectric power station, up to 4 ore pelletization plants, and areas for storing liquid bulk and processing oil.

The Açu Complex is an integral part of an even larger MMX project known as Sistema Minas-Rio. This also involves the construction of an iron ore extraction plant in the municipality of Alvorada, in Minas Gerais state, and an ore pipeline to transport iron ore pulp to the Açu port terminal. The production capacity of the processing plants has been estimated at 7.6 million tons/year. Commencing at the iron ore processing plant in Minas Gerais, the ore pipeline will be 525 km in length and in 2009 is expected to be able to transport

26.5 million tons of iron ore slurry. Sistema Minas-Rio is MMX’s largest venture and will provide an effi cient export corridor in the Central and Western / Southeastern regions, having a major impact on Rio de Janeiro’s economic growth.

In 2011 LLX will expand its port activities initiating the operation of additional piers to move other types of cargo (non-ore). The Açu Port will have the capacity to move 11.5 million tons of coal, keeping up with the demand of metallurgy plants in the area and of a thermoelectric plant that will be included in the port complex. The port will also have a terminal for liquids that will primarily be dedicated to moving ethanol, petroleum derivatives and liquefied natural gas (LNG) at a rate of 4 million cubic meters per year.

Two docks for offshore logistics will be added to the complex and will have a capacity to moor approximately 12 hundred ships and move 90 thousand tons of cargo per year, in addition to a storage area for drilling fluids.

The complex will contain a 6.9 thousand hectares area to accommodate different economic activities. By force of a municipal law the Açu Complex attained an Industrial District status, which will allow the establishment and development of industries including metallurgy plants, thermoelectric plants, gasification plants, automobile industry, sheet metal mechanic industries, refineries, storage and logistics, among others.

. Potential market: Sistema MMX Minas-Rio estimates it will produce up to 26.6 million tons of iron ore per year, 19 million tons of which will be pellet feed for export and 7.6 million tons will be used in the production of 7 million tons of iron ore pellets, processed at the port’s pelletization plant.

. Investment value: the first phase of MMX Minas-Rio consists of the construction of a pelletization plant and the port terminal. This phase will require an investment of US$ 2.3 billion, to be financed through company funding and loans from financial institutions.

. Implementation timetable: the System will start operating in the second half of 2009, producing 8 million tons a year, rising to 20 million tons in 2010 and 26 million tons in 2011.

. Description of the opportunities: during the construction stage, the provision of engineering services and heavy construction work, and the provision of a range of machinery and equipment. Also during the construction stage, the large workforce will require the installation of trade and services around the venture and in the city. During the construction stage demands for accommodation in the region will also rise, which will provide major opportunities for the civil construction sector to develop.

Petrobras may also use Açu Port to bring in oil extracted from the Bacia de Campos. Its proximity to the Bacia de Campos will also help attract various Petrobras service providers to areas near the Port. The huge land area, together with the provision of energy, raw materials and logistics advantages, will make it possible to set up industrial plants from a range of sectors including the automobile and steel sectors, among others.

. Status: licenses have been obtained. Construction work started in September 2007. The first stage (landscaping) is scheduled to end at the start of 2008.

The projected ore pipeline has been designed with a length of 525 km, running from Minas Gerais to Açu Port in Rio de Janeiro. It will be the longest such pipeline in the world. The Complex will be able to receive cape size ships (capacity equal to or greater than 80,000 tons).

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

Atar do Brasil Defensivos Agrícolas Ltda.

. Segment: Chemical – Agrochemical Products.

. Location: Resende –Southern Rio de Janeiro.

. Participants: Atanor do Brasil.

. Project description: expansion of the factory in Resende to launch a new product.

. Investment value: US$ 47.4 million.

. Implementation timetable: construction work will start mid-2009 and end in 2010, whereupon the company will start operating.

. Description of the opportunity: engineering services, provision of machinery, equipment, services and consumables for company operations, in line with the segment’s productive chain.

. Status: the project is being produced.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

Porto do Açu Thermo-Electric Plant

. Segment: Infrastructure (electricity generation).

. Location: São João da Barra – Northern Rio.

. Participants: MPX Mineração e Energia S.A and the production quota-holders for the Porto do Açu plant.

. Project description: the Porto do Açu Thermo-Electric Plant is a MPX Mineração e Energia project, situated in the north of the state of Rio de Janeiro, targeting mainly the Southeast electricity sub-market. The project is located in the hinterland of the Portuário do Açu complex in São João da Barra.

The plant’s installed capacity will reach 1,400 MW, made up of two 700 MW coal-fired power-generating units. To minimize the environmental impact, the plant will use environmentally sustainable technology as well as installing treatment systems for the various effl uents – gas, liquid, solid and oil. The mechanical cooling tower will use water from the aquifer and from the Sistema Minas-Rio mineral pipeline owned by MMX Mineração e Metálicos.

The supply of mineral coal will be imported, using the full logistics capability of LLX Logística S.A. This coal will be unloaded at a nearby offshore pier and carried by conveyor belt to the plant. The 345 kV connection with the National Grid will be via the Campos Substation, which belongs to FURNAS Centrais Elétricas, using a 35km transmission line which is also to be built.

. Potential market: the power generated by the Porto do Açu plant will be put up for sale in the electrical energy spot market (“Ambiente de Contratação Livre”), for those users who today make up 30% of Brazil’s electrical energy market.

. Investment value: the first phase of the Porto do Açu plant, which consists of building installed capacity of 1,400 MW, will require investments in the order of US$ 2.5 billion, to be financed by own capital and by credit lines with financial institutions.

. Implementation timetable: the Porto do Açu plant will begin to operate with one 700MW unit in 2H12, reaching 1,400 MW with the start-up of a second 700MW unit at the beginning of 2013. In the second phase, from 2015 onwards, 4,000MW will be added to total output, provided by 1,000MW modules.

. Description of the opportunities: during the construction phase – supplies of engineering and heavy construction services, as well as a variety of machinery and equipment.

The sale of the Porto do Açu plant’s power will be carried out on an integrated basis, managing the demand for electricity from the mill’s quota-holders, thus guaranteeing a full power supply for production purposes.

This project will also make electrical power available for those quota-holders located in the vast hinterland of the Açu Port complex, which, along with raw-materials and logistics advantages, will open up possibilities for the installation of a variety of industry sectors, including automobile and steel among others.

. Status: project in development stage. Environmental license forecast for 2008.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

Rio de Janeiro Refrescos (Coca-Cola)

. Segment: Beverages.

. Location: Municipality of Rio de Janeiro.

. Participants: Rio de Janeiro Refrescos.

. Project description: Rio de Janeiro Refrescos manufactures Coca-Cola in Rio de Janeiro. It is investing to modernize and expand its facilities, equipment, market assets, logistics structure and the building infrastructure of the plant in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, and technological capabilities to manufacture new product lines, such as flavored water. The factory’s productive capacity will rise by 25%, from 711 million liters/year to 885 million liters/year. Its area will also be expanded by 62 thousand square meters. The civil construction work will generate 150 direct and 300 indirect jobs, and expanding the factory will create 193 new direct and 247 indirect jobs.

. Investment value: US$ 106.2 million.

. Potential market: domestic market already established, with the distribution of other Coca-Cola products.

. Implementation timetable: the construction work will be concluded in the first half of 2010.

. Description of the opportunity: provision of machinery, equipment and services.

. Status: in progress – construction work started in August 2006.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

Special Business Zone (ZEN) – Rio das Ostras

. Segment: Infrastructure.

. Location: Rio das Ostras – Eastern Rio de Janeiro.

. Participants: The Rio das Ostras Municipal Government.

. Project description: the Special Business Zone (ZEN) is the project of the Rio das Ostras Municipal Government. It aims to attract productive investment to the municipality by building an industrial community which can house 80 companies.

The local infrastructure includes asphalt roads and supply networks of natural gas, water, electricity, telecommunications, rainwater drainage, collection and treatment of sewage and industrial effl uent and treatment and controlled disposal of industrial waste.

. Investment value: US$ 30.8 million.

. Potential market: meeting the demand for oil and gas related services, due to its proximity to the Bacia de Campos.

. Implementation timetable: it is estimated that in the next 2 years the ZEN will create 4,000 direct jobs and will receive private investment of around US$50 million.

. Description of the opportunity: concession of the land usage rights for the term of 15 years to industrial and commercial establishments, which may be renewed for an equal term.

. Status: the construction work has been concluded. Six companies are now in full operation and 35 are being set up. The other companies will be set up in the next two years. Around 80% of the companies that have been awarded the concession are related to the provision of technical services and support for oil and natural gas research and production operations.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

Special Business Zone (ZEN) – Carapebus

. Segment: Infrastructure.

. Location: Carapebus – Northern Rio de Janeiro.

. Participants: The Carapebus Municipal Government.

. Project description: this project involves an industrial community located on the intersection of BR 101 (one of the most important Brazilian highways, as it connects the North of Brazil to the South) and RJ 182 (a state highway).

. Investment value: US$ 1 million, considering only the infrastructure investments to be made by the government. The number of companies that the Carapebus ZEN will house is still under analysis.

. Potential market: companies from various economic segments.

. Implementation timetable: January to December 2008.

. Description of the opportunity: Companies setting up in the ZEN will qualify for tax incentives. The municipal government will lend the area to the company for a term of 15 years, which may be renewed for an equal term.

Enterprises setting up in the region will have access to important logistics facilities for shipping out production. Apart from being located on the intersection of BR 101 and RJ 182, as mentioned earlier, the Carapebus ZEN is 75 km from the Campos dos Goytacazes airport, which is currently a Customs Terminal. The industrial community is also 300 km from the port of Vitória and 250 km from the port of Rio, and is also close to the Açu Complex.

. Status: awaiting the preliminary license.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

MRS Logística

. Segment: Transportation / Logistics Infrastructure (Railways).

. Location: the entire railway network of MRS in Rio de Janeiro, especially in the following municipalities: Barra do Piraí, Barra Mansa, Itaguaí, Japeri, Rio de Janeiro and Volta Redonda.

. Participants: MRS Logística.

. Project description: the investment chiefly involves expanding the tracks (expansion and improvement of patios), maintaining infrastructure of the permanent tracks, various improvements to workshops and improvement of its facilities throughout the network.

. Investment value: US$ 454.2 million.

. Implementation timetable: the investment will be made during 2007, 2008 and 2009.

. Description of the opportunity: provision of services and equipment by segments of the metal and mechanical industries.

. Status: construction work has commenced.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

Elcana Agroenergética

. Segment: Agrobusiness.

. Location: Campos dos Goytacazes – Northern Rio de Janeiro.

. Participants: Elcana Agroenergética.

. Project description: installation of the Elcana Plant. In the first stage, 600 hectares of primary nursery will be used with nine varieties of sugarcane in order to select the cane best suited to the region. During this stage 100 jobs will be created for planting the shoots and a further 60 jobs during the harvest. In the second stage, the selected shoots will be replanted in an area occupying 4,000 hectares, where they will be harvested when the Plant commences its distillation operations. By the end of the final implementation stage, the group intends to be producing 1 million tons of sugarcane/year. The entire structure of the nurseries and crops will be totally irrigated. Average production in the five-year period has been estimated at 75 tons of sugarcane per hectare.

. Investment value: US$ 85.3 million.

. Potential market: domestic and international biofuels market.

. Implementation timetable: the first crop will be processed in March 2008 for producing ethanol in the plant’s distillery.

. Description of the opportunity: provision of machinery, equipment and services during the construction stage and operations.

. Status: first stage has started: the planting of sugarcane.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional (CSN)

. Segment: Non-metallic minerals – cement.

. Location: Volta Redonda – Southern Rio de Janeiro.

. Participants: CSN.

. Project description: implementation of a cement factory with a capacity to mill 2.5 million tons per year of CP3 and CP2E cement. A total of 200 direct and indirect jobs will be created.

. Investment value: US$ 113 million.

. Potential market: Rio-São Paulo axis, with a small portion (5%) intended for Minas Gerais. In the future, the company could start exporting part of its produce.

. Implementation timetable: the operation is expected to start in June 2008.

. Description of the opportunity: provision of services and equipment by segments of the metal, mechanical and electrical industries.

. Status: civil construction work started in May 2007. The electromechanical assembly is projected to start in November 2007.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

Alcana Agroenergética

. Segment: Agrobusiness.

. Location: Campos dos Goytacazes – Northern Rio de Janeiro.

. Participants: The Alcana Agroenergética and Aloés Groups.

. Project description: investment to implement an ethanol plant and sugarcane plantation.

. Investment value: US$ 142.2 million

. Potential market: biofuels market for motorcars.

. Implementation timetable: the sugarcane plantation started in 2005 and will continue until 2009. The industrial project will be implemented in the second half of 2009 and concluded in 2011, when the plant will start operating.

. Description of the opportunity: provision of machinery, equipment and services during the construction stage and operations.

. Status: planting of sugarcane; construction work has not started.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

ABISA – Agroindústria Bom Jesus do Itabapoana S.A.

. Segment: Agrobusiness.

. Location: Bom Jesus do Itabapoana – Northwestern Rio de Janeiro.

. Participants: Benco Alta Tecnologia e Construções Ltda.

. Project description: implementation of an ethanol plant projected to produce 160 million liters of ethanol per harvest and to generate revenue of US$ 56.9 million in its first year. Abisa will create roughly 1200 direct and 4800 indirect jobs in the sugarcane fields and local transport and trade.

. Investment value: US$ 118.5 million.

. Potential market: Abisa will direct 20% to 30% of its produce to the domestic market. The enterprise will come into operation with the advanced sales to the international market (Japan and China).

. Implementation timetable: construction work is projected to start in 2008 and the plant will start operating at the end of 2008.

. Description of the opportunity: the opportunity involves the provision of machinery, equipment and services during the construction and operation of the plant.

. Status: awaiting the preliminary license.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

Michelin

. Segment: Rubber.

. Location: Municipality of Rio de Janeiro.

. Participants: Michelin.

. Project description: expansion of the factory operating in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, which will produce radial tires and air inner tubes for trucks and buses. The investment will raise the company’s current capacity from 1.3 million to 1.6 million units.

. Investment value: US$ 98 million.

. Potential market: roughly 80% of the industrial tires to be made at this plant and at the new plant will be directed to the international market, in particular the USA.

. Implementation timetable: the factory will start operating at the start of 2008.

. Description of the opportunity: provision of machinery, equipment and services.

. Status: construction work is in progress.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

Michelin

. Segment: Rubber.

. Location: Municipality of Rio de Janeiro.

. Participants: Michelin.

. Project description: implementation of a factory producing tires for landscaping and mining, with a capacity to produce 40,000 tons a year on land occupying 1.3 million square meters.

. Investment value: US$ 200 million.

. Potential market: the agricultural and iron ore sector, with excellent prospects of growth in Brazil. However, roughly 80% of the industrial tires to be made at the plant (as well as at the other Rio plant) will be directed to the international market, in particular the USA.

. Implementation timetable: the factory will start operating in 2008.

. Description of the opportunity: provision of machinery, equipment and services.

. Status: construction work is in progress.

For further details about this opportunity: riodejaneiro@multifocoassessoria.com.br

Attachment 1 – Methodology

The Decision Rio study aims to map out the investments planned for the State of Rio de Janeiro for a set period of three years. The study involves the collection, verification and analysis of data.

Data-collection is carried out using Brazil’s most important newspapers and magazines and also through discussions with the companies themselves, in order to identify investments planned for the State of Rio. Verification is the process of confirming with private-sector and state investors, city-halls and State and Federal Governments all the data collected. These different groups are thus responsible for the accuracy of the data. In the next stage the data is compiled and analyzed. Finally, the largest investments are set out in detailed form in the study, so as to be useful to both public and private entities.

Attachment 2 – Regions and Municipalities in Rio de Janeiro State

Lowlands – Area I (9)

Itaguaí, Japeri, Mangaratiba, Mesquita, Nilópolis, Nova Iguaçu, Paracambi, Queimados and Seropédica.

Lowlands – Area II (7)

Belford Roxo, Duque de Caxias, Guapimirim, Magé, Miguel Pereira, Paty do Alferes and São João de Meriti.

Central Northern Rio de Janeiro (12)

Bom Jardim, Cachoeiras de Macacu, Cantagalo, Carmo, Cordeiro, Duas Barras, Macuco, Nova Friburgo, Santa Maria Madalena, São Sebastião do Alto, Sumidouro, Teresópolis and Trajano de Morais.

Eastern Rio de Janeiro (17)

Araruama, Armação de Búzios, Arraial do Cabo, Cabo Frio, Casimiro de Abreu, Iguaba Grande, Itaboraí, Maricá, Niterói, Rio Bonito, Rio das Ostras, Saquarema, São Gonçalo, São Pedro da Aldeia, Silva Jardim and Tanguá.

Northwestern Rio de Janeiro (13)

Aperibé, Bom Jesus do Itabapoana, Cambuci, Italva, Itaocara, Itaperuna, Laje do Muriaé, Miracema, Natividade, Porciúncula, Santo Antônio de Pádua, São José de Ubá and Varre-Sai.

Northern Rio de Janeiro (9)

Campos dos Goytacazes, Carapebus, Cardoso Moreira, Conceição de Macabu, Quissamã, Macaé, São Fidélis, São Francisco de Itabapoana and São João da Barra.

Highlands (7)

Areal, Comendador Levy Gasparian, Paraíba do Sul, Petrópolis, São José do Vale do Rio Preto, Sapucaia and Três Rios.

Southern Rio de Janeiro (17)

Angra dos Reis, Barra do Piraí, Barra Mansa, Engenheiro Paulo de Frontin, Itatiaia, Mendes, Parati, Pinheiral, Piraí, Porto Real, Quatis, Resende, Rio Claro, Rio das Flores, Valença, Vassouras and Volta Redonda.

Rio de Janeiro State Capital (1)

Municipality of Rio de Janeiro.

Distr. GENERAL  -  14 August 1992

REPORT OF THE UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT

(Rio de Janeiro, 3-14 June 1992)

Annex III

NON-LEGALLY BINDING AUTHORITATIVE STATEMENT OF PRINCIPLES  FOR A GLOBAL CONSENSUS ON THE MANAGEMENT, CONSERVATION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF ALL TYPES OF FORESTS

PREAMBLE

(a)   The subject of forests is related to the entire range of environmental and development issues and opportunities, including the right to socio-economic development on a sustainable basis.

(b)   The guiding objective of these principles is to contribute to the management, conservation and sustainable development of forests and to provide for their multiple and complementary functions and uses.

(c)   Forestry issues and opportunities should be examined in a holistic and balanced manner within the overall context of environment and development, taking into consideration the multiple functions and uses of forests, including traditional uses, and the likely economic and social stress when these uses are constrained or restricted, as well as the potential for development that sustainable forest management can offer.

(d)   These principles reflect a first global consensus on forests.  In committing themselves to the prompt implementation of these principles, countries also decide to keep them under assessment for their adequacy with regard to further international cooperation on forest issues.

(e)   These principles should apply to all types of forests, both natural and planted, in all geographical regions and climatic zones, including austral, boreal, subtemperate, temperate, subtropical and tropical.

(f)   All types of forests embody complex and unique ecological processes which are the basis for their present and potential capacity to provide resources to satisfy human needs as well as environmental values, and as such their sound management and conservation is of concern to the Governments of the countries to which they belong and are of value to local communities and to the environment as a whole.

(g)   Forests are essential to economic development and the maintenance of all forms of life.

(h)   Recognizing that the responsibility for forest management, conservation and sustainable development is in many States allocated among federal/national, state/provincial and local levels of government, each State, in accordance with its constitution and/or national legislation, should pursue these principles at the appropriate level of government.

PRINCIPLES/ELEMENTS

1.   (a)   States have, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations and the principles of international law, the sovereign right to exploit their own resources pursuant to their own environmental policies and have the responsibility to ensure that activities within their jurisdiction or control do not cause damage to the environment of other States or of areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction.

(b)   The agreed full incremental cost of achieving benefits associated with forest conservation and sustainable development requires increased international cooperation and should be equitably shared by the international community.

2.   (a)   States have the sovereign and inalienable right to utilize, manage and develop their forests in accordance with their development needs and level of socio-economic development and on the basis of national policies consistent with sustainable development and legislation, including the conversion of such areas for other uses within the overall socio-economic development plan and based on rational land-use policies.

(b)   Forest resources and forest lands should be sustainably managed to meet the social, economic, ecological, cultural and spiritual needs of present and future generations.  These needs are for forest products and services, such as wood and wood products, water, food, fodder, medicine, fuel, shelter, employment, recreation, habitats for wildlife, landscape diversity, carbon sinks and reservoirs, and for other forest products.  Appropriate measures should be taken to protect forests against harmful effects of pollution, including air-borne pollution, fires, pests and diseases, in order to maintain their full multiple value.

(c)   The provision of timely, reliable and accurate information on forests and forest ecosystems is essential for public understanding and informed decision-making and should be ensured.

(d)   Governments should promote and provide opportunities for the participation of interested parties, including local communities and indigenous people, industries, labour, non-governmental organizations and individuals, forest dwellers and women, in the development, implementation and planning of national forest policies.

3.   (a)   National policies and strategies should provide a framework for increased efforts, including the development and strengthening of institutions and programmes for the management, conservation and sustainable development of forests and forest lands.

(b)   International institutional arrangements, building on those
organizations and mechanisms already in existence, as appropriate, should facilitate international cooperation in the field of forests.

(c)   All aspects of environmental protection and social and economic development as they relate to forests and forest lands should be integrated and comprehensive.

4.   The vital role of all types of forests in maintaining the ecological processes and balance at the local, national, regional and global levels
through, inter alia, their role in protecting fragile ecosystems, watersheds and freshwater resources and as rich storehouses of biodiversity and biological resources and sources of genetic material for biotechnology products, as well as photosynthesis, should be recognized.

5.   (a)   National forest policies should recognize and duly support the
identity, culture and the rights of indigenous people, their communities and other communities and forest dwellers.  Appropriate conditions should be promoted for these groups to enable them to have an economic stake in forest use, perform economic activities, and achieve and maintain cultural identity and social organization, as well as adequate levels of livelihood and well-being, through, inter alia, those land tenure arrangements which serve as incentives for the sustainable management of forests.

(b)   The full participation of women in all aspects of the management, conservation and sustainable development of forests should be actively promoted.

6.   (a)   All types of forests play an important role in meeting energy
requirements through the provision of a renewable source of bio-energy, particularly in developing countries, and the demands for fuelwood for household and industrial needs should be met through sustainable forest management, afforestation and reforestation.  To this end, the potential contribution of plantations of both indigenous and introduced species for the provision of both fuel and industrial wood should be recognized.

(b)   National policies and programmes should take into account the relationship, where it exists, between the conservation, management and sustainable development of forests and all aspects related to the production, consumption, recycling and/or final disposal of forest products.

(c)   Decisions taken on the management, conservation and sustainable development of forest resources should benefit, to the extent practicable, from a comprehensive assessment of economic and non-economic values of forest goods and services and of the environmental costs and benefits.  The development and improvement of methodologies for such evaluations should be promoted.

(d)   The role of planted forests and permanent agricultural crops as
sustainable and environmentally sound sources of renewable energy and industrial raw material should be recognized, enhanced and promoted.  Their contribution to the maintenance of ecological processes, to offsetting pressure on primary/old-growth forest and to providing regional employment and development with the adequate involvement of local inhabitants should be recognized and enhanced.

(e)   Natural forests also constitute a source of goods and services,
and their conservation, sustainable management and use should be promoted.

7.   (a)   Efforts should be made to promote a supportive international
economic climate conducive to sustained and environmentally sound development of forests in all countries, which include, inter alia, the promotion of sustainable patterns of production and consumption, the eradication of poverty and the promotion of food security.

(b)   Specific financial resources should be provided to developing
countries with significant forest areas which establish programmes for the conservation of forests including protected natural forest areas.  These resources should be directed notably to economic sectors which would stimulate economic and social substitution activities.

8.   (a)   Efforts should be undertaken towards the greening of the world.  All countries, notably developed countries, should take positive and transparent action towards reforestation, afforestation and forest conservation, as appropriate.

(b)   Efforts to maintain and increase forest cover and forest
productivity should be undertaken in ecologically, economically and socially sound ways through the rehabilitation, reforestation and re-establishment of trees and forests on unproductive, degraded and deforested lands, as well as through the management of existing forest resources.

(c)   The implementation of national policies and programmes aimed at forest management, conservation and sustainable development, particularly in developing countries, should be supported by international financial and technical cooperation, including through the private sector, where appropriate.

(d)   Sustainable forest management and use should be carried out in accordance with national development policies and priorities and on the basis of environmentally sound national guidelines.  In the formulation of such guidelines, account should be taken, as appropriate and if applicable, of relevant internationally agreed methodologies and criteria.

(e)   Forest management should be integrated with management of adjacent areas so as to maintain ecological balance and sustainable productivity.

(f)   National policies and/or legislation aimed at management,
conservation and sustainable development of forests should include the protection of ecologically viable representative or unique examples of forests, including primary/old-growth forests, cultural, spiritual, historical, religious and other unique and valued forests of national importance.

(g)   Access to biological resources, including genetic material, shall be with due regard to the sovereign rights of the countries where the forests are located and to the sharing on mutually agreed terms of technology and profits from biotechnology products that are derived from these resources.

(h)   National policies should ensure that environmental impact
assessments should be carried out where actions are likely to have significant adverse impacts on important forest resources, and where such actions are subject to a decision of a competent national authority.

9.   (a)   The efforts of developing countries to strengthen the management, conservation and sustainable development of their forest resources should be supported by the international community, taking into account the importance of redressing external indebtedness, particularly where aggravated by the net transfer of resources to developed countries, as well as the problem of achieving at least the replacement value of forests through improved market access for forest products, especially processed products.  In this respect, special attention should also be given to the countries undergoing the process of transition to market economies.

(b)   The problems that hinder efforts to attain the conservation and
sustainable use of forest resources and that stem from the lack of alternative options available to local communities, in particular the urban poor and poor rural populations who are economically and socially dependent on forests and forest resources, should be addressed by Governments and the international
community.

(c)   National policy formulation with respect to all types of forests
should take account of the pressures and demands imposed on forest ecosystems and resources from influencing factors outside the forest sector, and intersectoral means of dealing with these pressures and demands should be sought.

10.  New and additional financial resources should be provided to developing countries to enable them to sustainably manage, conserve and develop their forest resources, including through afforestation, reforestation and combating deforestation and forest and land degradation.

11.  In order to enable, in particular, developing countries to enhance their endogenous capacity and to better manage, conserve and develop their forest resources, the access to and transfer of environmentally sound technologies and corresponding know-how on favourable terms, including on concessional and preferential terms, as mutually agreed, in accordance with the relevant provisions of Agenda 21, should be promoted, facilitated and financed, as appropriate.

12.  (a)   Scientific research, forest inventories and assessments carried out by national institutions which take into account, where relevant, biological, physical, social and economic variables, as well as technological development and its application in the field of sustainable forest management, conservation and development, should be strengthened through effective modalities, including international cooperation.  In this context, attention should also be given to research and development of sustainably harvested non-wood products.

(b)   National and, where appropriate, regional and international
institutional capabilities in education, training, science, technology,
economics, anthropology and social aspects of forests and forest management are essential to the conservation and sustainable development of forests and should be strengthened.

(c)   International exchange of information on the results of forest and forest management research and development should be enhanced and broadened, as appropriate, making full use of education and training institutions, including those in the private sector.

(d)   Appropriate indigenous capacity and local knowledge regarding the conservation and sustainable development of forests should, through institutional and financial support and in collaboration with the people in the local communities concerned, be recognized, respected, recorded, developed and, as appropriate, introduced in the implementation of programmes.  Benefits arising from the utilization of indigenous knowledge should therefore be equitably shared with such people.

13.  (a)   Trade in forest products should be based on non-discriminatory and multilaterally agreed rules and procedures consistent with international trade law and practices.  In this context, open and free international trade in forest products should be facilitated.

(b)   Reduction or removal of tariff barriers and impediments to the
provision of better market access and better prices for higher value-added forest products and their local processing should be encouraged to enable producer countries to better conserve and manage their renewable forest resources.

(c)   Incorporation of environmental costs and benefits into market
forces and mechanisms, in order to achieve forest conservation and sustainable development, should be encouraged both domestically and internationally.

(d)   Forest conservation and sustainable development policies should be integrated with economic, trade and other relevant policies.

(e)   Fiscal, trade, industrial, transportation and other policies and practices that may lead to forest degradation should be avoided.  Adequate policies, aimed at management, conservation and sustainable development of forests, including, where appropriate, incentives, should be encouraged.

14.  Unilateral measures, incompatible with international obligations or agreements, to restrict and/or ban international trade in timber or other forest products should be removed or avoided, in order to attain long-term sustainable forest management.

15.  Pollutants, particularly air-borne pollutants, including those
responsible for acidic deposition, that are harmful to the health of forest ecosystems at the local, national, regional and global levels should be controlled.

END OF DOCUMENT

This document has been posted online by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA). Reproduction and dissemination of the document – in electronic and/or printed format – is encouraged, provided acknowledgement is made of the role of the United Nations in making it available.

Date last updated: 14 January, 2000 by DESA/DSD
Copyright © 1999 United Nations

Agenda 21, the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, and the Statement of principles for the Sustainable Management of Forests were adopted by more than 178 Governments at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) held in Rio de Janerio, Brazil, 3 to 14 June 1992.

The Commission on Sustainable Development (CSD) was created in December 1992 to ensure effective follow-up of UNCED, to monitor and report on implementation of the agreements at the local, national, regional and international levels. It was agreed that a five year review of Earth Summit progress would be made in 1997 by the United Nations General Assembly meeting in special session.

The full implementation of Agenda 21, the Programme for Further Implementation of Agenda 21 and the Commitments to the Rio principles, were strongly reaffirmed at the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) held in Johannesburg, South Africa from 26 August to 4 September 2002.

The State of Rio de Janeiro experiences an important moment of its economic development history. Investments of R$ 100 billion are planned till 2010 for the sectors of petrol & gas, steel industry, tourism, agribusiness and energy, among others. Therefore, this is an extremely positive moment for the expansion or implementation of your business. Even more so because now the State Administration has an official development agency – INVESTE RIO – that finances projects of ali sizes.

INVESTE RIO – Investment Promotion and Financial Services – offers extremely competitive financing conditions, such as  interest rates starting from 2% per year and long-term payment.

A MULTIFOCO multidisciplinary technical staff is ready to assist the entrepreneur that sees the State of Rio de Janeiro as the best option  for its investment.

Invest in your firm. Invest in Rio

O Estado do Rio de Janeiro vive um dos momentos mais virtuosos da história do seu desenvolvimento econômico.

Com a atração de investimentos da ordem de R$ 100 bilhões até 2010 – em setores como petróleo e gás, siderurgia, turismo, agronegócio, energia – o momento não poderia ser melhor para expandir ou implantar aqui o seu empreendimento.

Conte com o quadro técnico multidisciplinar da Multifoco para assessora-lo na melhor opção de investimento.

Invista na sua empresa, invista no Rio

O Estado conta com uma agência oficial de fomento – a INVESTE RIO – para financiar projetos de todos os portes.

Principais investimentos que o Estado do Rio esta recebendo nos próximos anos (US$ bilhoes):

INVESTE RIO

A Agência de Fomento do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – INVESTE RIO – é uma sociedade de economia mista vinculada à Secretaria de Estado de Desenvolvimento Econômico, Energia, Indústria e Serviços (SEDEIS). Sua missão é fomentar o desenvolvimento econômico do estado, através da concessão de financiamentos e da prestação de serviços financeiros, com responsabilidade sócio ambiental e boas práticas de governança.

Para isso, conta com diversas linhas de crédito e programas de apoio a empresas que desejam se instalar ou se expandir no estado.

Além de prestar serviços de orientação ao empreendedor, financia projetos de todos os portes nos mais variados segmentos da economia, oferecendo condições de financiamento extremamente competitivas, com taxa de juros a partir de 2% ao ano.

A INVESTE RIO opera com recursos próprios e como agente financeiro do Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (BNDES). Também administra fundos estaduais, municipais e privados como o FREMF (Fundo de Recuperação Econômica dos Municípios Fluminenses) e o FUNDES (Fundo de Desenvolvimento Econômico Social do Estado do Rio de Janeiro).

Invista na sua empresa Invista no Rio

FINANCIAMENTOS

A INVESTE RIO oferece condições de financiamento extremamente competitivas, com taxas de juros a partir de 2% ao ano e longos prazos de pagamento.

1. FREMF (Fundo de Recuperacão Econômica de Municípios Fluminenses)

Voltado para o fomento econômico de 32 municípios, localizados principalmente no Norte e Noroeste Fluminense, o FREMF possui linhas de financiamento com baixas taxas de juros e longo prazo de pagamento.

Atende aos seguintes setores: indústria, agroindústria, agricultura familiar, serviços e comércio atacadista.

2. PRÓ-FORNECEDORES

Programa de Apoio a Fornecedores

A Agência de Fomento do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – INVESTE RIO – está lançando um novo programa de apoio às Micro, Pequenas e Médias Empresas (MPMEs) fluminenses. É o Pró-Fornecedores, programa voltado o fomento de empreendimentos situados no estado que sejam fornecedores de insumos e/ou serviços às grandes empresas também localizadas no território fluminense e para as micro, pequenas e médias empresas f1uminenses fornecedoras de insumos e/ou serviços aos grandes empreendimentos instalados ou em vias de instalação no estado.

Entre os itens passíveis de financiamento estão a aquisição de máquinas, equipamentos e softwares, despesas pré-operacionais, capital de giro associado, etc.

Através da concessão de linhas de créditos e da prestação de serviços de orientação ao empreendedor, o programa viabiliza a construção, a expansão e a modernização da capacidade produtiva das MPMEs.

Entre os itens passíveis de financiamento estão os estudos e projetos inovadores; a aquisição de móveis, equipamentos e softwares; as despesas pré-operacionais; o capital de giro, etc.

Com taxas de juros a partir de 2% ao ano, dependendo do porte e da localização da empresa, o Pró-Fornecedores visa fortalecer as cadeias produtivas fluminenses, aumentando de forma sustentada a produção, a criação de empregos e geração de renda no estado do Rio.

Confira as condições do programa Pró-Fornecedores

Valor do Financiamento: Até 80% dos itens financiáveis.

Taxa de financiamento:
Para empreendimentos situados na área contemplada pelo Fundo de Recuperação Econômica dos Municípios Fluminenses (FREMF), que abrange 32 municípios do Norte, Noroeste e Centro-Sul Fluminense: 2% ao ano fixo.
Para empreendimentos situados fora da área do FREMF: Custo Financeiro + Remuneração da INVESTE RIO

Custo Financeiro:
TJLP + Custo de Intermediação Financeira do BNDES (1 % ao ano)

Remuneração da INVESTE RIO:
Micro e Pequenas Empresas: 2 % ao ano + Spread de risco (máximo de 3% ao ano) Médias Empresas: 3% ao ano + Spread de risco (máximo de 3% ao ano)

Prazo Total:
Na área do FREMF (carência + amortização):
Micro e Pequenas Empresas: 72 meses
Média Empresa: 60 meses

Fora da área do FREMF:
Até 84 meses (24 meses de carência e 60 meses de amortização)

Garantias:
- Reais: equivalentes a, no mínimo, 130% do valor financiado
- Pessoais: fiança prestada pelos controladores diretos e indiretos da Beneficiária e por terceiros.

3. FINAME (Máquinas e Equipamentos)

Financia a aquisição de máquinas e equipamentos novos, de fabricação nacional, cadastrados no Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (BNDES). Atende micro, pequenas e médias empresas localizadas no Estado do Rio de Janeiro.

4. BNDES Automático (Implantacão ou expansão de empresas)

Objetiva financiar empreendimentos situados no estado do Rio de Janeiro, nos setores industrial, agropecuário, turístico e de serviços – implantados ou em fase de implantação, expansão e modernização. Válido também para a aquisição de máquinas e equipamentos.

A ABIPLAST Associação Brasileira da Indústria do Plástico criada em abril de 1967, reúne em seu quadro associativo, centenas de empresas, pequenas, médias e grandes indústrias, especializadas na transformação do material plástico, sediadas nas mais diversas regiões do País.

1. Transformados Plásticos – Estrutura do Setor

Empresas do Setor

Segundo informações da RAIS/MTE de 2007, o setor da transformação do plástico possui 11.329 estabelecimentos ativos, número que se manteve praticamente estável com relação a 2006 quando havia 11.263 empresas. (aumento de 0,5% – 66 novos estabelecimentos).

O setor apresenta um grande número de pequenas empresas. As poucas grandes empresas detêm posições de destaque dentro do mercado e são altamente competitivas em termos de tecnologia e produtos diferenciados.

Das 11.329 empresas do setor, 94,3% são consideradas pequenas empresas (até 99 empregados), 5,29% são empresas de porte médio (até 499 empregados) e apenas 1% são empresas de grande porte (mais de 500 empregados) Tamanho das Empresas por número de empregados

Os dados relativos às formas jurídicas das empresas também fornecem o parâmetro de proporção do tamanho das empresas. Verifica-se que 85% são de sociedade limitada, 1,2% são S.A (fechada) e 0,3% são S.A (aberta) e 11% são de empresários individuais.

Aproximadamente 85% das empresas transformadoras de material plástico, estão localizadas na região Sudeste e Sul do País. O Estado de São Paulo concentra 44,6% do total de estabelecimentos no Brasil (5.061 estabelecimentos). No Rio Grande do Sul estão 11%; em Santa Catarina 8%; no Paraná, 8%; em Minas Gerais 7%, e no Rio de Janeiro, 5% do total de estabelecimentos brasileiros.

Conforme os últimos dados disponíveis (IBGEPIA-Empresa 2006) o setor em 2007 representava cerca de 3% do total das indústrias instaladas no Brasil.

Empregados do Setor Plástico

Uma das características do setor de transformação de material plástico é o fato de utilizar mão de obra intensiva. As estimativas para 2008 indicam que o setor empregava 314.794 empregados diretos (RAIS/CAGED) , representando um crescimento de 1,18% comparativamente a 2007 quando haviam 311.118 empregados no setor.

De 2007 para 2008 foram criados 3.676 novos empregos diretos, mesmo considerando os impactos da crise econômica, que puderam ser observados a partir de outubro de 2008, com a redução de postos de trabalho.

Do total de empregados no setor plástico, 81% estão diretamente alocados na área de produção, 15% atuam nas áreas administrativas e de marketing e os outros 4% dizem respeito aos proprietários e sócios. (IBGE: PIA)

Quanto ao nível de escolaridade da mão de obra empregada no setor plástico, verifica-se que 48,8% dos empregados não têm o ensino médio completo, 43,7% possuem o ensino médio, 3,1% estão cursando o ensino superior e 4,3% tem o nível superior completo. (RAIS 2007)

2. Transformados Plásticos – Produção e Consumo

PRODUÇÃO E CONSUMO DE TRANSFORMADOS PLÁSTICOS
Em 2008 o setor de transformação de material plástico processou 5,14 milhões de toneladas de resinas termoplásticas, representando um aumento de 5,3% relativamente à produção de transformados plásticos no ano anterior.
Por sua vez o consumo aparente de transformados plásticos foi de 5,29 milhões de toneladas, 6,8% maior ao de 2007. Comparativamente ao ano 2000, o consumo de transformados plásticos cresceu de forma acumulada na razão de 33%, já que no ano de 2008 foram consumidas 1,3 milhões de toneladas a mais do que no ano de 2000.

3. Transformados Plásticos – Produção Física 2008

PRODUÇÃO FISICA DE TRANSFORMADOS PLÁSTICOS JANEIRO A DEZEMBRO DE 2008

Os índices mensais de produção física divulgados pelo IBGE (PIM-PF), relativos ao setor plástico, demonstram que ocorreu uma evolução positiva do nível de produção até outubro de 2008, quando se registrou uma reversão dessa tendência.

Nota-se que os indicadores dos segmentos que compõem o setor de transformação de material plástico (pela classificação do CNAE) seguem muito próximos do nível de produtividade da indústria brasileira (Indústria Geral).

Laminados
A produção de laminados apresentou crescimento a partir do segundo trimestre de 2008, chegando a produzir em julho/08 um montante 14,4% maior do que em janeiro do mesmo ano. Entretanto em novembro a produção apresentou uma redução de 8,17% em relação a outubro e em dezembro a queda foi de 33,1% em relação ao mês anterior.

No acumulado do ano (de janeiro a dezembro de 2008 em comparação ao mesmo período do ano anterior) o setor de laminados plásticos apresentou retração de 2,1% na produtividade.

Embalagens
A produção física de embalagens plásticas apresentou uma evolução sem grandes oscilações ao longo do ano. O mês mais produtivo do setor de embalagens foi julho de 2008, registrando 4,6% maior que janeiro do mesmo ano.

A produtividade das empresas de embalagens plásticas permaneceu estável (0,59% de crescimento) no acumulado de janeiro a dezembro de 2008 em comparação com o mesmo período de 2007.

Artefatos Plásticos Diversos
O setor de produção de artefatos plásticos diversos apresentou, ao longo de 2008, forte crescimento, que teve inicio em março, diminuindo a partir de setembro. Agosto foi o mês de maior produtividade, quando o setor produziu 26,3% a mais do que no mês de janeiro.

A partir de outubro ocorreu uma reversão da tendência, fechando dezembro com uma produtividade de 9,3% menor do que a verificada no inicio do ano.

Considerando o acumulado de janeiro a dezembro de 2008, a produção de embalagens plásticas diversas foi 6,2% maior do que no mesmo período do ano anterior.

IV – Transformados Plásticos – Segmentação do Mercado

SEGMENTAÇÃO DO MERCADO DE TRANSFORMADOS PLÁSTICOS

A segmentação do mercado de transformados plásticos é sempre uma complicada tarefa, considerando que produtos plásticos encontram-se cada vez mais presente em praticamente todos os segmentos, sejam eles produtos intermediários, ou finais.

Do total de consumo brasileiro de plástico, estima-se que 17,5% sejam destinados à industria alimentícia; 15,6% à construção civil; 14,5% à fabricação de embalagens (garrafas PET, embalagens industriais, etc.); 10,6% destinados a área agrícola; 9,3% para Utilidades Domésticas; 7,1% para a área de higiene e limpeza; 4,8% para fabricação de calçados; 2,4% para a área de eletroeletrônicos; 2% para cosmético farmacêutica; 1,3% para a indústria automobilística e 0,1% para fabricação de brinquedos.

V – Transformados Plásticos – Faturamento do Setor

FATURAMENTO DO SETOR DE TRANSFORMADOS PLÁSTICOS

O setor plástico faturou R$ 40,9 bilhões em 2008, representando um aumento de 12,2% relativamente ao ano anterior. Considerando a série desde o ano 2000, o setor cresce a uma taxa média de 9,3% ao ano.

Em dólares, o montante do faturamento de 2008 do setor de transformação de plástico foi de US$ 22,3 bilhões, que representou um aumento de 19% em relação ao ano anterior.

Os indicadores positivos de faturamento do setor se devem ao bom desempenho da economia nos três primeiros trimestres do ano. Entretanto, o cenário se tornou menos promissor com os altos preços das matérias primas plásticas e o aumento da taxa de câmbio ocorrida a partir de outubro de 2008.

VI – Transformados Plásticos – Comércio Exterior

COMÉRCIO EXTERIOR DE TRANSFORMADOS PLÁSTICOS – TOTAL GERAL

Em 2008 foram exportadas 332 mil toneladas de produtos transformados de plástico e importadas 487 mil toneladas.

A quantidade de plástico exportado ficou praticamente no mesmo nível em relação ao ano anterior, interrompendo os constantes aumentos que produtos exportados que ocorriam desde o ano 2002. Já a importação de produtos plásticos aumentou 18,6%, mantendo o ritmo de crescimento gradual.

Em valor as exportações de produtos transformados de plástico em 2008 totalizaram US$ 1,3 bilhão, que significou um aumento de 17,4% em relação ao ano anterior. Já as importações somaram US$ 2,3 bilhões correspondendo a um acréscimo de 30,4% em relação a 2007.

O saldo da balança comercial de transformados plásticos foi deficitário em US$ 996 milhões, 54,1% superior ao de 2007. Esse é o maior déficit registrado desde 1997, quando foi iniciado o acompanhamento desses valores.

Transformados Plásticos – Comércio Exterior

COMÉRCIO EXTERIOR DE TRANSFORMADOS PLÁSTICOS PRINCIPAIS PAÍSES

Do montante de US$ 1,3 Bilhão exportado pelo Brasil em 2008, a Argentina respondeu por 26% do total, os Estados Unidos 14%, o Chile 7%, Países Baixos (Holanda) 6%,a Venezuela 5% e outros países 42%.

Por sua vez as importações brasileiras de 2008 totalizaram US$ 2,3 Bilhões. Desse total os Estados Uni-dos representaram 19%, a China 14%, Argentina 10%, Alemanha 10%, Itália 5% e outros países %

As exportações para a Argentina aumentaram 18,4% em relação a 2007, enquanto no mesmo período, as importações brasileiras originadas daquele país aumentaram 42,1%.

Considerando as relações de comércio entre Brasil-Argentina, o Brasil fechou 2008 superavitário em US$ 113 milhões, uma redução de 13% em relação a 2007.

Quanto aos Estados Unidos, em 2008 as exportações aumentaram 14,1% e as importações 17,5% apresentando um saldo deficitário para o Brasil de US$ 260 milhões, correspondente a um aumentou 20% em relação a 2007.

No comercio com a China em 2008 cabe destacar o aumento de 65,4% nas importações enquanto as exportações apresentaram uma queda de 28,1% em relação a 2007.

Produtos Transformados Plásticos – Comércio Exterior
lPrincipais destinos das exportações Brasileiras – Argentina (26%), Estados Unidos (14%), Chile (7%), Países Baixos (Holanda) (6%) e Venezuela (5%). l Principais países de origem das importações Brasilei-ras – Estados Unidos (19%), China

COMÉRCIO EXTERIOR DE TRANSFORMADOS PLÁSTICOS IMPORTAÇÕES POR BLOCOS ECONÔMICOS

Resinas Termoplásticas – Produção e Consumo
PRODUÇÃO E CONSUMO DE RESINAS TERMOPLÁSTICAS – (1.000 TONELADAS)

centrais petroquímicas no fim do 1º semestre de 2008, bem como pelo baixo desempenho a partir de
outubro por conta da atual crise.

No ano de 2008, foram produzidos 4,8 milhões de toneladas de resinas termoplásticas, o que representou uma redução em relação ao ano anterior de 8,61%, quando foram produzidas 5,3 milhões de toneladas das resinas.

O mercado brasileiro registrou o consumo aparente de 5,1 milhões de toneladas de resinas termoplásticas, que correspondeu a um aumento de 5,3% comparativamente ao ano anterior.

Essa redução no nível de produção pode ser explicada pelas paradas técnicas ocorridas nas

Produção de Resinas Termoplásticas

Notas:
Os Indicadores de Evolução do Consumo e do Faturamento do setor de Transformação de Material Plástico são as variações percentuais do montante de consumo aparente ou do faturamento em relação ao ano anterior.

A produção por empregado diz respeito ao montante da produção de transformados plásticos em toneladas sobre o número de empregados no setor de transformados plásticos.

O Indicador de Consumo Per Capita de Transformados Plásticos corresponde ao total de consumo aparente de transformados plástico sobre o número estimado da população. Para o ano de 2008 foi considerada a estimativa de população do IBGE

Baixe o arquivo em pdf: Abiplast_2008

Associações do Setor Plástico
ABIPLAST – Associação Brasileira da Indústria do Plástico
Av. Paulista, 2439 – 8º andar – 01311-936 – São Paulo – SP
Tel: (11) 3060.9688 – Fax: (11) 3060.9686 –
Site: www.abiplast.org.br – abiplast@abiplast.org.br
Presidente: Merheg Cachum

COMPERJ will increase the Brazilian capacity to refine heavy oil and will reduce naphtha imports

“It must be kept in mind that petrochemical plants use raw materials such as petrochemical naphtha, of which there is a worldwide shortage and which in Brazil doesn’t exist with the degree of paraffin content required by these plants. Natural gas, also used, has not yet reached levels to meet the demands of thermoelectric plants, industries in general, vehicles, private homes, and businesses in Brazil. Therefore, the use of heavy oil as a raw material in such plants by COMPERJ will represent a major advantage, as it will be possible to process this oil, of which there are abundant supplies in Brazil, to produce propylene and ethylene directly. These are raw materials that will be converted into petrochemical products, which will then be transformed into consumer goods by industries attracted to the region surrounding the Itaboraí-based plant in the state of Rio de Janeiro. It will give added value to the Brazilian heavy oil produced in the Campos Basin, which, if exported, would be sold at lower prices abroad than in Brazil, as it is light oil that is worth more on the international market. In addition, it will reduce our imports of naphtha, used in the petrochemical complexes of Capuava, Camaçari, and Copesul, for example,” explains Petrobras’ director of Supply, Paulo Roberto Costa.

Representatives of Petrobras, Ultra Group, and BNDES celebrate the partnership that will generate COMPERJ

The result of a joint operation involving Petrobras, Grupo Ultra, BNDES, and possibly some minority shareholders, COMPERJ will have the processing capacity for 150,000 bpd of Brazilian heavy oil. In a single industrial complex, it will bring together a First-Generation Refining Unit, or Basic Petrochemical Unit, for the production of basic petrochemical products including ethylene, propylene, benzene, and paraxylene; a series of second-generation units, which will transform the basic products into petrochemical products such as styrene, ethylene glycol, polyethylene, polypropylene, and PTA, destined for the internal market (70%) and the external market (30%); and a Utilities Plant, responsible for supplying water, vapor, and electrical energy for the whole complex. Moreover, third-generation or transformation industries will be attracted to the complex to set up business in the surrounding area, in order to transform petrochemical products into consumer items, such as cups, plastic bags, components for automobile assembly plants, and household electrical appliances industries.

Petrochemical complexes will benefit from the reduction in naphtha imports

Social and environmental responsibility will be a commitment in the complex. “In the social sphere, thanks to trade agreements signed with the United Nations Organization, the Federation of Industries of the State of Rio de Janeiro, the Getulio Vargas Foundation, and institutions such as the National Industrial Apprenticeship Service and the National Commercial Apprenticeship Service, as well as universities and 11 city halls, we will have a minimum impact on the surrounding area and be in a position to guarantee the necessary infrastructure. Since COMPERJ will generate over 200,000 direct and indirect jobs with an income effect during the construction work, as well as over 50,000 jobs after the complex comes onstream, we will train the labor force in the region and in the neighboring municipalities to work on the construction and the maintenance of the complex. Working in partnership with city halls, we will create integration centers in all of the municipalities around the complex and will train 30,000 professionals in 78 types of free courses. Of these courses, 78% will involve basic instruction, 21% technical level training, and 1% university level qualification. The coordination of the training will be in São Gonçalo,” states Paulo Roberto Costa.

Petrobras will train the neighboring labor force to work in COMPERJ, which will generate more than 250,000 jobs

Third-generation industries that will transform petrochemical products into consumer goods, such as plastic cups and bags, will be attracted to the COMPERJ vicinity

VIII – CONCLUSÕES

O Complexo Petroquímico do Rio de Janeiro – COMPERJ empregará tecnologias de ponta para transformar o óleo Marlim, de baixo valor no mercado, em produtos petroquímicos nobres.

Sua localização na região leste metropolitana se insere em um planejamento econômico do Estado do Rio de Janeiro capaz de originar um processo de reorganização econômica e demográfica do Estado, gerando pólos regionais de desenvolvimento que reduzam as diferenças sociais presentes em seu território, através da redistribuição de benefícios econômicos e fiscais e da geração de empregos.

A equipe responsável por este trabalho analisou as atividades associadas à construção e operação do Complexo. Os impactos potenciais, tanto os positivos como os negativos, estão resumidos abaixo:

a) a produção de petroquímicos básicos em Itaboraí estimulará o crescimento regional, em termos de emprego, renda e arrecadação fiscal, permitindo a alteração do quadro de carências sociais desta região;

b) os impactos sobre os ambientes físico e biológico serão pouco significativos e passíveis de atenuação e compensação, tanto na fase de construção como de operação do COMPERJ;

c) o consumo de água não causará qualquer conflito com as necessidades regionais ao abastecimento público ou para a agricultura. Qualquer que seja a solução para a captação de água para o empreendimento, ela colocará um excedente à disposição do abastecimento público dos Municípios envolvidos, que sofrem graves problemas de disponibilidade hídrica;

d) o lançamento dos efluentes líquidos tratados e em quantidade reduzida pelo reuso de efluentes, será facilmente assimilado no ambiente marinho. Por isso, não haverá impacto negativo significativo térmico, mecânico, químico ou biológico. Os padrões de qualidade de água serão atendidos logo após a zona de mistura;

e) a liberação de poluentes do ar foi analisada em detalhe e mesmo no pior caso, não oferece risco ao ambiente ou à saúde da população. Os ruídos gerados não afetarão, significativamente, o ambiente sonoro local;

f) a operação do Complexo não terá efeito negativo significativo sobre espécies raras, endêmicas (específicas de um determinado local), nativas e locais, ameaçadas ou em processo de extinção. O programa ambiental de recuperação da vegetação do sítio numa perspectiva de Corredor Ecológico COMPERJ, a ser ampliado por ações em parceria com outras instituições, criará condições ambientais de qualidade superior à encontrada na região de influência do empreendimento;

g) os efeitos adversos do COMPERJ sobre a dinâmica social das comunidades da região, por conta do potencial de atração de populações migrantes serão tratados através de políticas públicas de ordenamento territorial das prefeituras municipais, já em curso desde a criação do CONLESTE;

h) os efeitos econômicos do COMPERJ sobre sua área de influência devem trazer ampliação de recursos tributários, elevação de renda, geração de empregos, dinamização de atividades econômicas e aumento da produção de riqueza;

i) a implantação do COMPERJ não terá efeitos adversos sobre locais de interesse arqueológico, histórico ou cultural em sua área de influência, estando previstas medidas de resgate e recuperação de seu patrimônio histórico, cultural e arqueológico;

j) os riscos de operação do Complexo para seus trabalhadores são inferiores aos riscos associados a outras ocupações. Os piores cenários de acidentes simulados não trarão conseqüências para as atividades econômicas ou para a população das vizinhanças. Os riscos analisados encontram-se dentro de padrões aceitos internacionalmente;

De forma associada à implantação do COMPERJ, serão implementadas medidas para a recuperação ambiental da Baía da Guanabara, para o fortalecimento da atividade pesqueira nela praticada, para a consolidação de Unidades de Conservação da Natureza e para a solidificação da gestão municipal participativa.

Com base nas análises descritas no estudo de impacto ambiental, e após as considerações dos benefícios ambientais, socioeconômicos e tecnológicos, considerando-se as alternativas disponíveis, a equipe concluiu que é ambientalmente viável a implantação do COMPERJ – desde que implementadas as Medidas, Planos e Programas Ambientais recomendados, que serão objeto de detalhamento quando ocorrer a solicitação da Licença de Instalação – LI.

Qualquer modificação significativa do projeto e de suas condições operacionais deverá ser comunicada às autoridades competentes, para efeito do licenciamento da implantação.